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((Short description|Italian public transport company))
((Multiple issues|
((One source|date=December 2019))
((Unreliable sources|date=December 2019))
((No footnotes|date=December 2019))
))
[[image:FNM.gif|450px|thumb|Map of the main branch of the FNM lines. FNM operates also the [[Brescia]]-[[Edolo]] railway in eastern [[Lombardy]], not shown in map.]]
'''Ferrovie Nord Milano''' (FNM S.p.A.) is an Italian public transport company: the second largest railway company in Italy. It operates primarily in the northern Italian regions of [[Lombardy]] and  [[Piedmont]] and in [[Canton Ticino]] in southern [[Switzerland]]. Listed on the [[Borsa Italiana]], its main shareholders are the Lombardy Region (57.57%), [[Ferrovie dello Stato]] (14.5%) and Aurelia S.p.A. (3%).

==History==
The company was founded as ''Società Anonima Ferrovie Milano-Saronno e Milano-Erba'' in 1877 by the Belgian Albert Vaucamps. The [[Milan]]-[[Saronno]] railroad was inaugurated on 22 March 1879, while the Milan-[[Erba, Italy|Erba]] was opened later in December the same year. In 1883, the company was rechristened ''Società Anonima per le Ferrovie Nord Milano ''(FNM). Five years later the consortium was joined by Società per le Ferrovie del Ticino, who held the Como-[[Malnate]]-[[Varese]]-[[Laveno]] and Saronno-[[Malnate]] lines. Until the end of the century FNM also acquired the lines [[Novara]]-[[Seregno]] and Saronno-[[Grandate]], forming a large network in northern Lombardy in direct competition with the [[Società per le Strade Ferrate del Mediterraneo]]. When railways were nationalized in Italy in 1907, Mediterranea acquired the shares of the Belgian owners.

Electrification of most lines began in 1929, and was completed in 1953. In 1958, passenger service was discontinued on the Saronno-Seregno line, while the Malnate-Grandate line was closed in 1966. In 1974 FNM, a [[joint-stock company]] starting from 1943, was entirely acquired by the Lombardy regional government.

Two different companies, ''Ferrovie Nord Milano Esercizio'' and ''Ferrovie Nord Milano Autotrasporti'', were created in 1985 with responsibilities for rail and road transport respectively. In 2004 the former was again split into two companies, ''Ferrovie Nord Cargo'' (for cargo services) and ''Ferrovie Nord Milano Trasporti'' (for passenger trains). In 2006 a new logo and new identities for three companies were adopted: ''Ferrovie Nord Milano Trasporti S.r.l. '' became '''[[LeNord]] S.r.l.''', ''Ferrovie Nord Milano Esercizio S.p.A.'' became '''[[Ferrovienord|FERROVIENORD]] S.p.A.''' and ''Ferrovie Nord Cargo S.r.l.'' became '''[[NordCargo]] S.r.l.'''. The whole group name became '''FNM S.p.A.'''.

Since 1993, FERROVIENORD (through LeNord and NordCargo) is managing the [[Brescia]]-[[Iseo, Lombardy|Iseo]]-[[Edolo]] railway branch, not connected to the main group of lines, centered in the [[Milan]] area.

== Bus Services by Ferrovie Nord Milano Autoservizi ==

=== [[Province of Brescia]] ===

*F23a Saviore-Cedegolo
*F23b Valle-Cedegolo
*F27 Brescia-Iseo-Edolo
*F28 Iseo-Breno
*F29 Breno-Edolo
*L62 Iseo-Provaglio-Brescia

=== [[Province of Como]] ===

*C64 Olgiate Comasco-Appiano Gentile-Lomazzo
*C66 Appiano Gentile-Lurago Marinone-Lomazzo
*C67 Saronno-Fenegrò-Lomazzo
*C69 Lomazzo-Tradate
*C76 Tradate-Olgiate Comasco
*C77 Como-Varese
*C84 Cantù-Lomazzo

=== [[Province of Varese]] ===

*B48 Tradate-Castiglione Olona
*B50 Somma Lombardo-Varese
*C77 Como-Varese
*H203 Saronno-Turate-Saronno
*H204 Tradate-Saronno (Caronno Pertusella)
*H601 Tradate-Legnano-Busto Arsizio
*H632 Varese-Gallarate

=== Other Bus Services ===

*Asso-Saronno-Cesenatico-Rimini-Gabicce Mare (summer seasonal long-distance route)
*Asso-Saronno-Varazze-Alassio-Sanremo (summer seasonal long-distance route)
*Olgiate Comasco-Tradate-Origgio-Cervia-Rimini-Cattolica (summer seasonal long-distance route)
*Milan Cadorna-Campione d'Italia

==Locomotives and rolling stock==

===Electric locomotives===

*[[FS Class E.600]]
*[[FS Class E.610]]
*[[FS Class E.620]]
*[[FS Class E.630]]
*[[SŽ series 342|FS Class E.640]]

===Diesel locomotives===

*[[FS Class D.345]]
*[[CNe.518]]

===Electric multiple units (EMUs)===

*[[FNM Class E.700]]
*[[FNM Class E.740]]
*[[FNM Class E.750 (1982)]]
*[[Caravaggio (train)|Caravaggio]]

===Diesel multiple units (DMUs)===

*[[FS Class ALn668]]

===Coaches===

*[[FNM Az coach]]
*[[A2n 001 railcar]]
*[[FNM Socimi coaches]]
*[[''Leichtstahlwagen'' coach]]

==Subsidiaries==
*[[Ferrovienord]]
*[[LeNord]]
*Ferrovie Nord Milano Autoservizi. It hols public road transport in the province of [[province of Como|Como]], [[province of Varese|Varese]] and [[Val Camonica]].
*NordCargo
*Nord Ing S.r.l., engineering company
*NordCom S.p.A., provides informatics services for FNM companies and other public administrations
*Nordenergia S.p.A.. It produces electric energy.
*CargoClay, another rail cargo company (30% shared by Edicer)
*Sems S.r.l. Rents low environmental impact vehicles.
*VieNord S.r.l. Provides commercial and marketing services for the group's company.

==In fiction==
*In 2016, in the computer-animated film, ''[[Thomas & Friends: The Great Race]]'', one of the Ferrovie Nord Milano's locomotives is modeled for Gina, who also appears in [[Thomas & Friends (series 23)|Series 23]].

==See also==
*[[History of railways in Italy]]
*[[Trenord]]

==References==
((Reflist))

((commons category))
*[http://plain.lombardiastorica.it/index.php?page=view_sprod&tipo=Ente&num_page=1&lettera=A&idsprod=MIDB000D10 Historical review at PLAIN]((dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes )) ((in lang|it))

((authority control))

[[Category:Ferrovie Nord Milano| ]]
[[Category:Railway companies of Italy|FNM]]
[[Category:Transport in Lombardy]]
[[Category:Transport in Milan|FNM]]
[[Category:Partly privatized companies of Italy]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of Italy]]

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