Dominica

Use	Civil and state flag
Proportion	1:2
Adopted	3 November 1978 (last modified 3 November 1990)
Design	A green field with the centred cross of three bands: the vertical part is: yellow, black and white and the horizontal part is: yellow, black and white and the red disk superimposed at the centre of the cross bearing a purple Sisserou Parrot facing the hoist-side encircled by ten green five-pointed stars.
Designed by	Alwin Bully
Use	Presidential Standard
Design	A green field with the coat of arms of Dominica at the centre

The flag of Dominica was adopted on 3 November 1978, with some small changes having been made in 1981, 1988, and 1990. The original flag was designed by playwright Alwin Bully in early 1978 as the country prepared for independence.^[1]

It is one of the few flags of sovereign states to contain purple.

History and design

The flag, adopted in 1978, features the national bird emblem, the sisserou parrot (Amazona imperialis), which also appears on the coat of arms of Dominica as two supporters in the achievement, granted on 21 July 1961. This parrot, endemic to Dominica, is an endangered species with a population of only 250–350 individuals.^[2]

The green field represents the lush vegetation of the island. The cross represents the Trinity and Christianity, with its three colours symbolising the natives, the fertile soil, and the pure water. The 10 green five-pointed stars stand for the country's 10 parishes: (St Andrew, St David, St George, St John, St Joseph, St Luke, St Mark, St Patrick, St Paul, and St Peter), while the red disc stands for justice.

The sisserou parrot is sometimes coloured either blue or purple (the parrot's actual colour). The use of purple makes the flag of Dominica one of the few flags of sovereign states to contain the colour.

The flag of Dominica, along with other national symbols, was the focus of a government-sponsored "Emblems Week" in 2016. An initiative of the independence committee, Emblems Week is aimed at reflecting on the meaning of the national emblems, and promoting their use among members of the general public and particularly among the country's schools.^[3]

Historical designs

Flag	Use	Description
	Flag used 1955–65
	Flag used 1965–78
	Flag used 1965–78	Flag of the governor of Dominica
	Flag used 1978–81
	Flag used 1981–88
	Flag used 1988–90
	Flag used 1990–present	A green field with the centred cross of three bands: the vertical part is: yellow, black and white and the horizontal part is: yellow, black and white and the red disk superimposed at the centre of the cross bearing a purple Sisserou Parrot facing the hoist-side encircled by ten green five-pointed stars.