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((Short description|Orchestral interlude by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov))
((About|a musical piece|the actual flight of a bumblebee|Bumblebee#Flight))
((Use mdy dates|date=July 2014))
((More citations needed|date=July 2014))

((Infobox musical composition
| name             = Flight of the Bumblebee
| type             = [[Entr'acte|Interlude]]
| composer         = [[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov]]
| native_name      = Полёт шмеля
| native_name_lang = ru
| year             = 1900
| genre            = [[Classical music]]
))

((listen|filename=Rimsky-Korsakov - flight of the bumblebee.oga|title="Flight of the Bumblebee"|description="Flight of the Bumblebee" performed by the [[US Army Band]]|format=[[Ogg]]))
"'''Flight of the Bumblebee'''" (((lang-ru|Полёт шмеля))) is an orchestral [[wikt:interlude|interlude]] written by [[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov]] (1844–1908) for his opera ''[[The Tale of Tsar Saltan (opera)|The Tale of Tsar Saltan]]'', composed in 1899–1900. Its composition is intended to musically evoke the seemingly chaotic and rapidly changing flying pattern of a [[bumblebee]]. Despite the piece being a rather incidental part of the opera, it is today one of the more familiar classical works because of its frequent use in popular culture.

The piece closes Act III, Tableau 1, during which the magic Swan-Bird changes Prince Gvidon Saltanovich (the Tsar's son) into an insect so that he can fly away to visit his father (who does not know that he is alive). Although in the opera the Swan-Bird sings during the first part of the "Flight", her vocal line is [[melody|melodically]] uninvolved and easily omitted; this feature, combined with the fact that the number decisively closes the scene, made easy extraction as an orchestral concerto piece possible.((Citation needed lead|date=January 2015))((clarify|date=August 2016))

==Overview==
((urs|date=October 2021))
Here is the text of the scene where the Swan-Bird sings during this music:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Russian !! English translation
|-
| ''(Гвидон спускается с берега в море. Из моря вылетает шмель, кружась около Лебедь-Птицы.)''<br>
ЛЕБЕДЬ-ПТИЦА:<br>
Ну, теперь, мой шмель, гуляй, (Nu, teper', moy shmel', gulyay,)<br>
судно в море догоняй, (sudno v more dogonyay,)<br>
потихоньку опускайся, (potikhon'ku opuskaysya,)<br>
в щель подальше забивайся. (v shchel' podal'she zabivaysya.)<br>
Будь здоров, Гвидон, лети, (Bud' zdorov, Gvidon, leti,)<br>
только долго не гости! (tol'ko dolgo ne gosti!)<br>
''(Шмель улетает.)''
|| ''(Gvidon goes down from the shore into the sea. Out from the sea flies a bumblebee, whirling around the Swan-Bird.)''
SWAN-BIRD:<br>
Well, now, my bumblebee, go on a spree,<br>
catch up with the ship on the sea,<br>
go down secretly,<br>
get deep into a crack.<br>
Good luck, Gvidon, fly,<br>
only do not stay long!<br>
''(The bumblebee flies away.)''<br>
|}

Although the "Flight" does not have a title in the [[Sheet music|score]] of the opera, its common English title translates like the Russian one (''Полёт шмеля'' = ''Polyot shmelya''). Incidentally, this piece does not constitute one of the movements of the orchestral suite that Rimsky-Korsakov derived from the opera for concerts.

Those familiar with the opera ''Tsar Saltan'' may recognize two [[leitmotif]]s used in the ''Flight,'' both of which are associated with Prince Gvidon from earlier in the opera. These are illustrated here in [[musical notation]]:

:'''Gvidon's Leitmotifs in "Flight of the Bumblebee"'''
:<score override_midi="Fotbbmotives1.mid" vorbis>\relative c'{ \new PianoStaff << \new Staff { \tempo "1." \time 2/4 e4^"Fundamental form" c8 f e4 c \bar "||"} \new Staff { e16^"Transformation in the \"Flight\"" ees d des c f e dis e ees d des c cis d dis } >>}</score>
:<score override_midi="Fotbbmotives2.mid" vorbis>\relative c'{\tempo "2." \clef "bass" \time 2/4 r4 e8 c a f a c e \bar"||"}</score>

The music of this number recurs in modified form during the ensuing tableau (Act III, Tableau 2), at the points when the Bumblebee appears during the scene: it stings the two evil sisters on the brow, blinds Babarikha (the instigator of the plot to trick Saltan at the beginning into sending his wife away), and in general causes havoc at the end of the tableau. The readers of [[Alexander Pushkin]]'s original poem, upon which this opera is based, will note that Gvidon is supposed to go on three separate trips to Saltan's kingdom, each of which requires a transformation into a different insect.

"Flight of the Bumblebee" is recognizable for its frantic pace when played up to [[tempo]], with nearly uninterrupted runs of [[chromatic scale|chromatic]] [[sixteenth note]]s. It is not so much the [[Pitch (music)|pitch]] or range of the notes that are played that challenges the musician, but simply the musician's ability to move to them quickly enough. Because of this and its complexity, it requires a great deal of skill to perform. Often in popular culture, it is thought of as being notoriously hard to play.

In the "Tsar Saltan" suite, the short version is commonly played, taking less than two minutes. In the Opera version, the three-minute fifty-five-second version is performed.

==In popular culture==
((In popular culture|date=May 2017))
*In Chaplin's 1925 ''[[The Gold Rush]]'', it appears when [[The Tramp]] tries to escape the falling cabin.
*The radio program ''[[The Green Hornet (radio series)|The Green Hornet]]'' used "Flight of the Bumblebee" as its theme music, blended with a hornet buzz created on a [[theremin]]. The music became so strongly identified with the show and the character that it was retained as the theme for [[The Green Hornet (serial)|the 1940s movie serial]] and [[The Green Hornet (TV series)|the later TV series]]. The TV version was orchestrated by [[Billy May]] and conducted by [[Lionel Newman]], with trumpet solo by [[Al Hirt]],<ref>"And then along came The Green Hornet — the original television series of the mid-sixties. Jazz trumpeter Al Hirt was featured in a 60s-style version of Flight of the Bumblebee." https://www.cbc.ca/1.2576451</ref> in a jazz style nicknamed "Green Bee". This particular version was later featured in the 2003 film ''[[Kill Bill]]''.
* Extreme guitarist [[Nuno Bettencourt]] played a version called "Flight of the Wounded Bumblebee" with different speed, notes, and variations.<ref>((Citation |title=Nuno Bettencourt Flight Of The Wounded Bumblebee |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mJvG1i79CPc |access-date=2024-01-24 |language=en))</ref>
*The music inspired [[Walt Disney]] to have a bumblebee featured in a segment of the 1940 animated film ''[[Fantasia (1940 film)|Fantasia]]'' that would sound as if it were flying around a movie theater. Although this did not appear in the final film, it anticipated the eventual invention of [[surround sound]].<ref>((cite book |title=Surround sound: up and running |last=Holman |first=Tomlinson |year=2007 |publisher=Focal Press |isbn=978-0-240-80829-1 |pages= 3, 4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nnLAD1N_MNIC |access-date=2010-04-03))</ref> However, in his film ''[[Melody Time]]'', Disney included an animated segment using [[Freddy Martin]]'s "Bumble Boogie", a jazz version of the piece arranged by pianist Jack Fina.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZG8bN8tAws  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/TZG8bN8tAws |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=(Italian version) |publisher=Youtube.com |date=February 27, 2009 |access-date=2012-04-21))((cbignore))</ref>
*[[Big band]] trumpeter [[Harry James]] did a cover of the piece in 1941.<ref>Harry James, ''Harry James: Big Bands'', CD, Time Life Music, 1992, liner notes</ref>
*"Flight of the Bumblebee" was featured, along with other compositions by Rimsky-Korsakov, in the fictional 1947 biopic ''[[Song of Scheherazade]]''.
* English organist [[Reginald Foort]] recorded an organ transcription of the piece for [[Cook Records]] on the Wurlitzer theatre organ located in the Richmond, VA Mosque in the mid '50's.
* A piano-based version by [[B. Bumble and the Stingers]] reached No. 21 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] in 1961.<ref>Whitburn, Joel  The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits,  Billboard Books,  New York,  1992</ref>
* Japanese band [[Takeshi Terauchi]] & Bunnys recorded an [[instrumental rock]] cover of this piece on their 1967 album, ''Let's Go Unmei''.
* In 1970 the French composer [[Jean-Jacques Perrey]] made a version of "Flight of the Bumblebee" for the album ''[[Moog Indigo]]''.<ref>((cite web|last1=The NEH Preservation Project|first1=Annotations|date=18 May 2017|title=Electronic Composer Jean-Jacques Perrey Hears the Future|url=https://www.wnyc.org/story/electronic-composer-jean-jacques-perrey-hears-future/|access-date=10 March 2021|website=[[WNYC]]|language=en))</ref>
* The piece was featured in the first episode of ''[[The Muppet Show]]'', in which [[Gonzo (Muppet)|Gonzo]] attempts to eat a tire on stage with the piece playing in the background.
* In 1985, [[Lurpak]] launched a television campaign for the United Kingdom featuring Douglas, a trombonist made from butter, trying to play the famous classical composition "Flight of the Bumblebee."
* [[Manowar]] bassist [[Joey DeMaio]] recorded a version titled "Sting of the Bumblebee," on the band's album [[Kings of Metal]], played entirely on [[bass guitar]].
* [[The Great Kat]] recorded a [[thrash metal]] version on her 1990 album ''[[Beethoven on Speed]]''.
*In the [[Scott Hicks (director)|Scott Hicks]] film [[Shine (film)|''Shine'']], Geoffrey Rush's character David Helfgott wanders out of a rainy night into a cafe and amazes the few patrons there by playing a piano version of "Flight of the Bumblebee."
* [[Trans-Siberian Orchestra]] has included the piece into the song "A Last Illusion" on its ''[[Beethoven's Last Night]]'' album.
* The music is played in the 2002 film ''[[Drumline (film)|Drumline]]'' when A&T's head of the band wants to impress a band of a rival college.
* The television show ''[[Glee (TV series)|Glee]]'' (2009) used a humorous a cappella version of the piece as part of its non-diegetic soundtrack in several episodes including the pilot.<ref>((Citation |title="Glee" Pilot (TV Episode 2009) - IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1392842/soundtrack/ |language=en |access-date=2022-07-28))</ref>
* Originally, for a [[Guinness World Record]] of fastest guitarist and violinist, "Flight of the Bumblebee" must be played flawlessly at an increased speed. The popular violin duo [[TwoSetViolin]] discussed one attempt by [[Ben Lee (violinist)|Ben Lee]], a British violinist in a video. A guitar world record at 620 bpm was held by John Taylor.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2012/1/dr-hot-licks-sees-in-the-new-year-in-hong-kong-with-new-fastest-guitar-playing-record/ |title=(world record) |publisher=guinnessworldrecords.com |date=January 9, 2012 |access-date=2016-05-23))</ref> In 2012, Guinness World Records rested the Fastest musician records, stating that "we are unfortunately unable to continue monitoring these categories. It has become impossible to judge the quality of the renditions, even when slowed down"<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfeTAz2b-9o&app=desktop|title=Fastest Guitar Player - Guinness World Records Classics|date=18 October 2012|via=YouTube))((cbignore))((Dead Youtube links|date=February 2022))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://guinnessworldrecords.com/records/the-application-process/reasons-applications-are-rejected/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021124752/https://guinnessworldrecords.com/records/the-application-process/reasons-applications-are-rejected/ |title=Reasons applications are rejected | work=[[Guinness World Records]] | archive-date=2017-10-21| url-status = dead |access-date=2019-07-24| quote=Fastest musician (Fastest violin player, piano player, etc.): after conducting a full and thorough review Guinness World Records has concluded that we are unfortunately unable to continue monitoring these categories. It has become impossible to judge the quality of the renditions, even when slowed down. ))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.abc10.com/article/news/local/14-year-old-going-for-fastest-guitar-record/103-427073205|title=14-year-old going for fastest guitar record|work=[[KXTV]] | quote=UPDATE: The Guinness Book of World Records no longer judges "fastest musicians" any more. | date=31 March 2017 | first=John | last=Bartell ))</ref>
*[[Bob Dylan]] wrote and recorded a song called "It's the Flight of the Bumblebee" with [[The Band]] during the ''[[The Bootleg Series Vol. 11: The Basement Tapes Complete|Basement Tapes]]'' sessions that quotes the original during the piano intro.
* Russian Rhythmic Gymnast and reigning All Around World and Clubs Champion, [[Yana Kudryavtseva]], used the music for her [[Clubs (rhythmic gymnastics)|clubs]] performance during the [[2015 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships|2015 Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships in Stuttgart, Germany]], winning her the clubs champion title for the third time in a row from [[2013 World Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships|2013]] to 2015.
*It was featured in the 2017 Chinese film ''[[Our Shining Days]]'', where one team used Chinese folk instruments and the other team used Western classical music instruments to play the piece together at the same time.
*A [[Drum and bass]] remix of the piece was made for ''[[Tetris 99]]''. It is played when there are only 10 players remaining in a single game, and the player is in the top 10.

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*((IMSLP|work=The Tale of Tsar Saltan (opera) (Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolay)#Flight of the Bumblebee (Act III) 2|cname=''Flight of the Bumblebee'' (Act III)))
* ((AllMusic|class=composition|id=mc0002554410))
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050924070443/http://www.classicalmidiconnection.com/cmc/romantic.html#R A MIDI page including five versions of the ''Flight'']

((Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov))
((Harry James))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Compositions by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov]]
[[Category:Opera excerpts]]
[[Category:1900 compositions]]

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