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((Short description|Kitchen appliance))
((Refimprove|date=September 2014))

[[Image:Steam cooker.JPG|right|thumb|An electric steam cooker]]
A '''food steamer''' or '''steam cooker''' is a [[Small appliance|small kitchen appliance]] used to cook or prepare various foods with [[steam]] heat by means of holding the food in a closed vessel reducing steam escape. This manner of cooking is called [[steaming]].

== History ==
[[File:Si-lu (side2).jpg|thumb|A [[Bronze Age]] ''[[siru]]'' (traditional Korean steamer)]]
[[File:Steamers.jpg|thumbnail|right|Two types of steaming vessels, metal and bamboo]]
Food steamers have been used for centuries. The ancient Chinese used pottery steamers to cook food. Archaeological excavations have uncovered pottery cooking vessels known as ''yan'' steamers: a ''yan'' was composed of two vessels, a ''zeng'' with a perforated floor surmounted on a pot or caldron with a tripod base and a top cover. The earliest ''yan'' steamer dating from about 5000 BC was unearthed in the [[Banpo]] site.<ref>Chen, Cheng-Yih (1995). ''Early Chinese Work in Natural Science''. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. p. 198. ((ISBN|962-209-385-X)).</ref> In the lower [[Yangzi River]], ''zeng'' pots first appeared in the [[Hemudu culture]] (5000–4500 BC) and [[Liangzhu culture]] (3200–2000 BC) and were used to steam rice; ''yan'' steamers were also unearthed in several Liangzhu sites, including 3 found at the Chuodun and Luodun sites in southern [[Jiangsu]].<ref>Cheng, Shihua. "On the Diet in the Liangzhu Culture," in ''Agricultural Archaeology'', 2005, No. 1:102–109. pp. 102–107. ISSN 1006-2335.</ref> In the [[Longshan culture]] (3000–2000 BC) site at Tianwang in western [[Shandong]], 3 large ''yan'' steamers were discovered.<ref>Underhill, Anne P. (2002). ''Craft Production and Social Change in Northern China''. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. pp. 156 & 174. ((ISBN|0-306-46771-2)).</ref>

==Advantages==
[[Image:Steam cooker catchment.JPG|left|thumb|A steam cooker catchment which collects water with condensed nutrients]]
Most steam cookers also feature a juice catchment which allows all nutrients (otherwise lost as steam) to be consumed. When other [[Cooking#Methods|cooking techniques]] are used (e.g., boiling), these nutrients are generally lost, as most are discarded after cooking.<ref name="livestrong.com">((cite web |url=https://www.livestrong.com/article/461289-does-heat-destroy-nutrients-in-fruits-vegetables/ |title=Does Heat Destroy Nutrients in Fruits & Vegetables? |accessdate=28 August 2019))</ref>
 
Due to their health aspect (cooking without any oil), food steamers are used extensively in health-oriented diets such as ''[[cuisine minceur]]'', some [[Raw foodism|raw food diet]]s, the [[Okinawa diet]], a [[macrobiotic diet]], or the [[CRON-diet]].((cn|date=October 2017))

Food steamers release less heat to the kitchen environment, therefore helping keep the kitchen cool during hot summers.((cn|date=October 2017))

[[File:Broccoli in steamer.jpg|thumb|Broccoli in a metal steamer pot]]

==See also==
((Portal|Food))
* [[Food processing]]
* [[List of cooking appliances]]
* [[List of cooking vessels]]
* [[List of steamed foods]]
* [[Bamboo steamer]]
* [[Pressure cooking]]
* [[Rice cooker]], a cooking appliance that may have a food steaming capability
* [[Siru]], earthenware steamer

==References==
((commons category|Steamers for cooking))
((reflist))

[[Category:Ancient inventions]]
[[Category:Chinese inventions]]
[[Category:Cooking appliances]]
[[Category:Cooking vessels]]
[[Category:Food preparation appliances]]

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