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((Short description|Overview of international developmental aid received by Pakistan))
((more citations needed|date= September 2019))
((Use Pakistani English|date=December 2018))
((Use dmy dates|date=July 2016))

[[Pakistan]] receives [[foreign aid]] from several countries and international organizations.

== Education aid ==
Pakistan received $649 million in aid for education in 2015, the highest it had received so far. the aid had increased from $586 million in 2014 to $649 million in 2015. The paper also reports that Pakistan received the most aid out of all the countries in Southern Asia, with India just behind receiving $589 million in 2015. The biggest part of the aid to Pakistan was given for basic education. Out of the total $649 million, $371 million or 57.16 per cent was given for basic education.<ref>((Cite web |date=2017-06-08 |title=Amid global decline, international aid for education in Pakistan increases |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1430946/amid-global-decline-international-aid-education-pakistan-increases |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en))</ref>

===Election support===
((main article|Election Support Group))

One of the biggest organizations supporting the electoral process in Pakistan is the Election Support Group (ESG). ESG is an internationally supported group of interested parties, made 32 specific recommendations to the Election Commission based on the recommendations of 16 international organizations.<ref name=ESG_IFES>((cite web | author = International Foundation for Electoral Systems | year = 2009 | url = http://ifespakistan.org/esg/index.htm | access-date = 25 October 2009 | title = Election Support Group | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091018182109/http://www.ifespakistan.org/esg/index.htm | archive-date = 18 October 2009 | df = dmy-all ))</ref> A meeting was held in October 2009 to present these ideas to the commission. The Commission commissioned ESG to provide them with a recommendations on how to best solve the addressed problems.<ref name="APoP">((cite news |date=12 October 2009 |title=CEC-ESG discuss Electoral Reforms Recommendations |publisher=The Associated Press of Pakistan |location=Islamabad |url=http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=87626&Itemid=2 |url-status=dead |access-date=25 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304115417/http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=87626&Itemid=2 |archive-date=4 March 2012 |df=dmy-all))</ref>

==Saudi Arabia==
((See also|Pakistan–Saudi Arabia relations))

In 2013, Saudi Arabian government donated ((USD|1.5 billion)) to Pakistan to increase its [[foreign reserves]] and meet its needs of [[balance of trade]] deficit.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1093342|title=Dar terms $1.5bn donation a 'gift from friends'|first=APP |last=Dawn.com|date=15 March 2014|website=DAWN.COM))</ref>

==United States==
((See also|Pakistan – United States relations))

Former US Ambassador to Pakistan [[Anne W. Patterson]] addressed senior bureaucrats at the National Management College and emphasised that the United States will assist Pakistan's new democratic government in the areas of development, stability, and security.<ref name="The United States Embassy">((cite web|url=http://islamabad.usembassy.gov/|title=The United States Embassy|access-date=21 December 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081221161306/http://islamabad.usembassy.gov/|archive-date=21 December 2008|df=dmy-all))</ref> In 2008, The United States Agency for International Development ([[USAID]]) in Pakistan, officially announced the signing of an agreement valued at $8.4&nbsp;million to help ease Pakistan's food crisis.<ref name="The United States Embassy"/>

===Election support===
In 2006, the [[International Foundation for Electoral Systems]] (IFES) implemented a 9 million dollar contract through USAID to install a computerised electoral rolls system for the Pakistani government.<ref name="pakcomp">[http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C09%5C10%5Cstory_10-9-2008_pg7_18 Computerised electoral rolls system installed] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928101649/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C09%5C10%5Cstory_10-9-2008_pg7_18 |date=28 September 2008 )) Daily Times (Pakistan), 10 September 2008. Accessed 23 July 2009.</ref>

USAID, IFES, [[United Nations Development Programme]] (UNDP), and [[National Democratic Institute for International Affairs]] (NDI) have also coordinated a number of initiatives to help train election officials in Pakistan. Part of this activity was the establishment of a Federal Election Academy and a library to support the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]].<ref name = EAPak>[http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=188011 Capacity building key to meet modern day challenges], The International News (Pakistan), 14 July 2009. Accessed 7 August 2009.</ref>

===Financial aid to Pakistan since the 11 September 2001 attacks===
Between 2002 and 2011, US Congress approved $18&nbsp;billion in military and economic aid from the United States.((Citation needed|date=April 2023)) However the Pakistan Treasury only received $8.647 billion in direct financial payments.((Citation needed|date=April 2023))

In 2007, Bush administration officials alleged that a significant portion of the military aid sent to Pakistan to counter Al Qaeda never made it to the front lines and was instead being used to counter India.<ref>((cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/24/world/asia/24military.html | work=The New York Times | title=U.S. Officials See Waste in Billions Sent to Pakistan | first1=David | last1=Rohde | first2=Carlotta | last2=Gall | first3=Eric | last3=Schmitt | first4=David E. | last4=Sanger | date=24 December 2007 | access-date=2 May 2010))</ref> In 2008, U.S. officials claimed that nearly 70% (roughly $3.4 billion) of military aid was misspent between 2002 and 2007.<ref name="Walsh">((cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/feb/27/pakistan.usa | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Up to 70% of US aid to Pakistan 'misspent' | first=Declan | last=Walsh | date=27 February 2008 | access-date=2 May 2010))</ref> In 2008, some criticism surfaced after USAid revealed to the House Foreign Affairs Committee that up to 30% of aid sent to Afghanistan and Pakistan were used on U.S. based contractors and consultants.<ref>((cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7405434.stm | work=BBC News | title=US aid 'failing to reach target' | date=16 May 2008 | access-date=2 May 2010 | first=Brajesh | last=Upadhyay))</ref>

=== Cuts in aid===

The [[Kerry-Lugar Bill]] passed in 2009 after [[2008 Pakistani general election|democratic elections]] occurred in Pakistan. This bill included $1.5&nbsp;billion in annual assistance to Pakistan from 2009 through 2014 but required the Pakistani government to take certain steps to fight terrorism within the country in order to receive the funds.<ref>((Cite web |date=2009-10-14 |title=Pakistan: The Kerry Lugar Bill |url=https://globalvoices.org/2009/10/14/pakistan-the-kerry-lugar-bill/ |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=Global Voices |language=en))</ref> In some of the years between 2009 and 2014, the U.S. congress did not allocate the full amount of $1.5 billion.<ref>((Cite news |date=January 7, 2015 |title=No Kerry-Lugar fund for Pakistan since 2013: US |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/no-kerry-lugar-fund-for-pakistan-since-2013-us/articleshow/45789510.cms |access-date=April 20, 2023))</ref>

In 2018, the Trump administration cut aid to Pakistan by approximately $300 million,<ref>((Cite news |last=Ward |first=Alex |date=September 4, 2018 |title="Why Trump cut millions in military aid to Pakistan" |work=Vox |url=https://www.vox.com/2018/9/4/17818396/pakistan-aid-military-trump-pompeo-afghanistan |access-date=April 20, 2023))</ref> marks the cancellation of all US military aid to Pakistan.<ref>((Cite news |date=2018-09-01 |title=Exclusive: Pentagon cancels aid to Pakistan over record on militants |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-pakistan-military-exclusive-idUSKCN1LH3TA |access-date=2023-03-22))</ref> Aid cuts continued into the Biden administration, with total civilian aid dropping to less than $200 million in 2022.<ref>((Cite web |date=April 20, 2023 |title=U.S. Foreign Assistance By Country - Pakistan |url=https://www.foreignassistance.gov/cd/pakistan/2022/obligations/0 |access-date=April 20, 2023 |website=ForeignAssistance.gov))</ref>

=== Corruption ===
The United States officials believe that channeling the aid through Pakistani agencies may lead to a more effective implementation of the foreign aid.<ref name="eandk 36">((Cite journal |last=Epstein |first=Susan |last2=Kronstadt |first2=Alan |date=July 1, 2013 |title=Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Assistance |url=https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/R41856.pdf |journal=Congressional Research Service))</ref> Officials further supported this idea as they believe that Pakistani civilian bureaucracies did not have the capacity to be effective aid implementing partners.<ref name="eandk 36" /> In addition to internal corruption, reports from Pakistan also suggest that large amounts of foreign aid were being used to fund its war against India and maintain a position of power against their rivals India.<ref name="eandk 36" /> As a result, reportedly nearly half of the aid given to Pakistan is being rendered unused due to corruption and the United States believes that altering its method of channeling the aid is the way to improve the implementation.

=== Security concerns ===
As a result of security concerns and inability of American aid workers to deliver the aid to certain regions in Pakistan, Pakistani institutions are responsible for a majority of the aid delivery to regions including the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The areas needing the aid have residents that have anti-American sentiment and hence the delivery of any aid containing the American flag or label has led to several extremist attacks and reactions.<ref name="eandk 36" /> In 2012, aid organizations including the International Committee of the Red Cross were forced to shut down operations in FATA regions of Pakistan after finding a British national employee had been beheaded as a result of negative perception to aid.<ref name="eandk 36" /> The idea that the residents in these areas "don't like America anymore"<ref name="eandk 36" /> poses great security risks for aid delivery for the United States and form a roadblock to the effective implementation of the aid in Pakistan. The need to outsource delivery to Pakistan leads to a lack of control and difficulty in monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the aid and has been a leading cause of the ineffective implementation of U.S. aid.<ref name="eandk 36" />

===Military and economic aid===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Military (USD in billions) !! Economic (USD in billions)
|-
|2002||1.36 || rowspan="3" |1.233 for 2002 to 2003
|-
|2003||1.577 
|-
|2004||1.500 
|-
|2005||1.313 ||.338
|-
|2006||1.260 ||.539
|-
|2007||1.115 ||.567
|-
|2008||1.435 ||.507
|-
|2009||1.689||1.366
|-
|2010||1.232 ||1.409
|-
|2011||1.685 ||
|-
!Total|| 11.740<ref name=belfer>http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Final_DP_2009_06_08092009.pdf<!-- Bot generated title --></ref> || 6.08<ref name="DOD">[https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:-US-1yKG-LMJ:www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/pakaid.pdf+US+aid+pakistan&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjJY11eSIRcMprhw58E5XRAin7Ad9k-sYK2ESkttxic_b-TItYJrz-xT4Ka3lS3m0mjZivgXsJYkw5j5O6CtlWDIXYWRCh6IrITDVAMMQQHq0YUw2wDWp7paevZpz63cSl94V0p&sig=AHIEtbQ4MDI6szd6-Wtkm0zdAqBVlinl2A Department of Defense statistics<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|}

In total, the United States obligated nearly $78.3&nbsp;billion to Pakistan between 1948 and 2016 (adjusted to 2016 value of dollar).<ref name=":0">((Cite web|url = http://www.cgdev.org/page/aid-pakistan-numbers|title = Centre for Global development))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url = https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/pakaid.pdf|title = Direct Overt U.S. Aid Appropriations for and Military Reimbursements to Pakistan, FY2002-FY2015))</ref>

==United Kingdom==
United Kingdom pledged [[Pound sign|£]]665&nbsp;million to Pakistan from 2009 to 2013.<ref>((cite web|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2010/03/03/idINIndia-46628420100303|title=INTERVIEW - UK Conservatives would step up Pakistan aid effort|first=Adrian|last=Croft|website=reuters.com|access-date=22 September 2012|archive-date=8 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508174914/http://in.reuters.com/article/2010/03/03/idINIndia-46628420100303|url-status=dead))</ref> Between 2014 and 2019, Pakistan was the largest recipient of direct UK foreign development aid. It received approximately £320 million in aid in 2019/20 as part of [[Department for International Development]]'s programme.<ref>((Cite web |title=UK MPs to investigate £302m aid given to Pakistan |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/789263-uk-mps-to-investigate-302m-aid-given-to-pakistan |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=www.thenews.com.pk |language=en))</ref>

==Pakistani proposals for foreign assistance==

===Free trade deals===
Pakistan has been trying to negotiate free trade deals with the EU and America as part of Western assistance in war against terror instead of aid. This policy is supported by the [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]-based think tank [[Center for Global Development]].<ref name="allvoices.com">((cite web|url=http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/6031139-pakistan-seeking-trade-not-aid-gilani|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226234706/http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/6031139-pakistan-seeking-trade-not-aid-gilani|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 December 2013|title=Pakistan seeking trade, not aid: Gilani|date=26 December 2013))</ref>

===Debt cancellation===
Pakistan has been trying to negotiate [[debt relief|debt cancellation]]. Currently Pakistan spends $6&nbsp;billion on debt servicing annually.

==See also==
*[[Foreign trade of Pakistan]]
*[[Saudi foreign assistance]]
*[[Economy of Pakistan]]
*[[China–Pakistan Economic Corridor]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* [http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2009/04/pakistan_korb.html Reassessing Foreign Assistance to Pakistan]
* [https://opencrs.com/document/R41856/ Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Assistance] Congressional Research Service

((Economy of Pakistan))
((Foreign relations of Pakistan))((Asia topic|Foreign aid to))

((DEFAULTSORT:Foreign Aid To Pakistan))
[[Category:Foreign aid to Pakistan| ]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Economy of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Government of Liaquat Ali Khan]]

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