The fort was situated next to the Caloosahatchee River, 27 miles (43 km) east of Fort Myers. The fort was first established in 1837 as a supply depot during the Second Seminole War.[4] It was named in honor of Pierre Denaud, a French-Canadian trapper who had owned the land and had traded skins and hides with the Seminole prior to the Seminole War.[5] The fort was reoccupied and was more tactically significant during the Third Seminole War, where it served as a headquarters for several companies of federal troops and as a middle point on the Caloosahatchee river between Fort Myers and Lake Okeechobee.[6] In December 1854, Brevet Major William Hays took command of three companies from the 2nd Artillery Regiment serving in the area. In January 1855, he moved most of his men to Fort Denaud and established it as his operational base and headquarters. From there, patrols were sent out into Big Cypress Swamp to map out Indian villages as well as along Fisheating Creek. A sketch from 1855 shows that Fort Denaud was connected to a fort opposite the Caloosahatchee called Fort T.B. Adams by a boat bridge.[7] On January 18, 1856, a small army detachment was attacked on the river near Denaud and all but one of the soldiers were killed.[8]
In 1963, the swing-styleFort Denaud Bridge was built across the Caloosahatchee. The bridge and its current approach stands were put into place at mile 108.2 along Route 78A.[9] On the north side of the river is Fort Denaud Cemetery. On the south side of the Fort Denaud Bridge is a historic marker.[10]
The combined pressure of growing white settlement in Florida and federal policy of relocating Indian tribes west of the Mississippi sparked the outbreak of the 2nd Seminole War in 1835. Controlling the coasts and campaigning in the heart of Seminole lands were the objectives of Major General Thomas Jesup in 1837. Captain B. L. E. Bonneville established Fort Denaud in 1838 as one of a series of posts linking American operations south of Tampa to the east coast. It was constructed on the south bank of the Caloosahatchee River 27 miles from Fort Myers on land owned by Pierre Denaud, a French Indian trader. The fort consisted of tents with a blockhouse in their midst. It served as a supply depot for troops in the Lake Okeechobee area and was utilized intermittently until the war ended in 1842. Fort Denaud was reopened in 1855, soon after the outbreak of the 3rd Seminole War. Additions included company quarters, hospital guardhouse, sutler's store and stables. A few months after a fire ravaged the post in June 1856, another site on the north bank of the river two miles west was chosen. The fort, which was abandoned in May 1858, gave its name to the nearby town of Ft. Denaud.[11]
Geography
The Fort Denaud CDP occupies the northwest corner of Hendry County. It is bounded to the north by Glades County, to the southeast by the city of LaBelle, and to the west by Lee County. Florida State Road 80 forms the southern edge of the CDP; SR 80 leads east 2 miles (3 km) into LaBelle and 34 miles (55 km) to Clewiston, and west 27 miles (43 km) to Fort Myers.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 20.8 square miles (54.0 km2), of which 20.2 square miles (52.2 km2) are land and 0.69 square miles (1.8 km2), or 3.40%, are water.[2] The Caloosahatchee River flows through the center of the CDP, running west to tidewater at Fort Myers.
^Jennings, J. (2001). Fort Denaud: Logistics Hub of the Third Seminole War. The Florida Historical Quarterly, 80(1), 24–42. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30149432, pg. 25
^McCarthy, Kevin M. Caloosahatchee River Guidebook, published January 2012 by Pineapple Press, Inc. ISBN9781561645077, p. 63
United States
Florida
