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((short description|1820s military fort, New Brighton, Merseyside, England))
((Use dmy dates|date=January 2015))
((Use British English|date=January 2015))
((more citations needed|date=August 2014))
((infobox military installation
| name          = Fort Perch Rock
| native_name   = 
| partof        = 
| location      = [[New Brighton, Merseyside|New Brighton]], [[United Kingdom]]
| image         = Fort Perch Rock, New Brighton-by-Tom-Pennington.jpg
| image_size    = 300px
| caption       = 
| pushpin_map   = Merseyside
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Fort Perch Rock in [[Merseyside]]
| pushpin_label = Fort Perch Rock
| pushpin_label_position = left
| coordinates   = ((coord|53.4427|-3.0412|display=inline,title))
| map_size      = 
| map_alt       = 
| map_caption   = 
| type          = Coastal Fort
| code          = 
| built         = ((Start date|1825))
| builder       = 
| materials     = Sandstone
| height        = 
| used          = 
| demolished    = 
| condition     = Good, [[Grade II listed]]<ref name=VF>((cite web|url=http://www.victorianforts.co.uk/pdf/datasheets/perchrock.pdf|title=Fort Perch Rock|work=victorianforts.co.uk|accessdate=26 June 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111225050/http://www.victorianforts.co.uk/pdf/datasheets/perchrock.pdf|archivedate=11 January 2023))</ref>
| ownership     = Museum
| open_to_public = 
| controlledby  = United Kingdom
| garrison      = 
| current_commander = 
| commanders    = 
| occupants     = 
| battles       = 
| events        = 
| image2        = 
| caption2      = 
))

'''Fort Perch Rock''' is a former defence installation situated at the mouth of [[Liverpool Bay]] in [[New Brighton, Merseyside|New Brighton]]. Built in the 1820s to defend the [[Port of Liverpool]], its function has changed from defensive, to tourist attraction and museum. It has been used as a venue for musical concerts and has been listed as a Grade II* [[Listed Building]].<ref>((cite web |url=http://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-444470-fort-perch-rock-wallasey |title=Fort Perch Rock - Wallasey - Merseyside - England |publisher=British Listed Buildings |accessdate=12 December 2010))</ref> The Fort's cafe "The Mess"<ref>((Cite web |title=The Mess - Fort Perch Rock - New Brighton |url=http://themess.club/ |access-date=2022-10-13 |website=themess.club))</ref> is open daily from 9am. A World War 2 escape room concept "Escape The Fort" runs within the fort. <ref>((Cite web|title=Escape The Fort - Coming Soon|url=http://www.escapethefort.co.uk/|access-date=2022-02-06|website=www.escapethefort.co.uk))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=Escape The Fort |url=https://www.escapethefort.co.uk/ |access-date=2022-10-13 |website=www.escapethefort.co.uk))</ref>

==History==
Fort Perch Rock is a coastal defence [[artillery battery|battery]] built between 1825 and 1829, with the foundation stone being laid in 1826.<ref name=VF /><ref name=NBF>((cite web|url=http://www.merseyside.net/newbrighton/pages/fort.htm|title=The New Brighton Fort|work=merseyside.net|accessdate=26 June 2015))</ref> It was built to protect the [[Port of Liverpool]] and proposed as a fortified lighthouse to replace the old Perch Rock Light; however, a [[New Brighton Lighthouse|separate lighthouse]] was built.<ref name=NBF /> The fort was built on an area known as Black Rock, and was cut off at high tide.<ref name=NBF /> However, coastal reclamation has made it fully accessible.

The Fort covers an area of about ((convert|4000|sqyd|m2)),<ref name=NBF /> with enough space for 100 men. It was built with red sandstone from the [[Runcorn]] quarries.<ref name=NBF /> The height of the walls ranges from ((convert|24|ft|m)) to ((convert|32|ft|m)), and the towers are ((convert|40|ft|m)) high.<ref name=NBF /> The Fort originally had a [[drawbridge]], and a Tuscan portal which bore the coat of arms and the words 'Fort Perch Rock'.<ref name=NBF /> At one point it was armed with 18 guns, of which 16 were 32-pounders,<ref name=NBF /><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.fortperchrock.org/Fort_Perch_Rock/Home.html|title=A brief history of Fort Perch Rock|work=fortperchrock.org|accessdate=26 June 2015))</ref> mounted on platforms.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.palmerstonfortssociety.org.uk/userassets/pfs%20journals/sample%20redan%202.pdf|title=Defences of the Mersey|first=Ian|last=Stevenson|work=palmerstonfortsociety.org.uk|page=104|accessdate=26 June 2015))</ref> It was nicknamed the 'Little [[Gibraltar]] of the Mersey'.<ref name=NBF />

The foundation stone reads:
<blockquote>
''This foundation stone of the Rock Perch Battery, projected by and under the direction of John Sikes Kitson, Esquire, Captain in the Royal Engineers, for the defence of the port was laid on 31st March 1826 by Peter Bourne, Esquire, Mayor of Liverpool in the 7th year of the reign of His Majesty George IV. His Grace, the Duke of Wellington , Master General of the Ordnance.''<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.old-merseytimes.co.uk/perchrock.html|title=Fort Perch Rock|work=old-merseytimes.co.uk|accessdate=26 June 2015))</ref>
</blockquote>

The projected cost of building was £27,065.0s.8d. Kitson ensured that this budget was not exceeded, finishing the fort for a total cost of £26,965.0s.8d.<ref name=NBF />

==Modern use==
In the late 1970s, the fort could be hired as a party venue. During this time [[Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark]] founder members [[Andy McCluskey]] and [[Paul Humphreys]] played there as members of the short lived Wirral group [[The Id]]. Since the 1990s, the fort has played host to various musical events including, in the summer of 2006, a number of rock concerts which were organised by a group of young Wallaseyans. The nights were called "Nautical" and were featured in ''[[The Guardian]]'' newspaper and named ''[[The NME]]'' club of the week for the 1 September 2006 show, which featured [[British Sea Power]] and the [[Tiny Dancers]].((Citation needed|date=January 2008))

The fort features a museum with displays including military aviation, maritime history, and the Fort Perch Rock Marine Radio Museum used to exhibit marine wireless communications devices.<ref name=VW1>((cite web|url=http://www.visitwirral.com/attractions-and-activities/fort-perch-rock-p44205|title=Fort Perch Rock|work=visitwirral.com|accessdate=26 June 2015))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.radioofficers.com/galleries/fort-perch-museum/|title=Fort Perch Rock Museum|work=radioofficers.com|accessdate=26 June 2015))</ref> The museum is currently being refurbished and will reopen in Spring 2023.

A new permanent [[escape room]] concept "Escape The Fort" opened in 2022 and is available for bookings daily.<ref>((Cite web|title=Escape The Fort - Coming Soon|url=http://www.escapethefort.co.uk/|access-date=2022-02-06|website=www.escapethefort.co.uk))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=Escape The Fort |url=https://www.escapethefort.co.uk/ |access-date=2022-10-13 |website=www.escapethefort.co.uk))</ref>

In spring 2022, The Mess cafe opened within the Fort and is open daily from 9am. <ref>((Cite web |title=The Mess - Fort Perch Rock - New Brighton |url=http://www.themess.club/ |access-date=2022-10-13 |website=www.themess.club))</ref>

==In Literature and the Arts==
((wikisource|Letitia Elizabeth Landon (L. E. L.) in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1832/The Black-Rock Fort and Lighthouse|The Black-Rock Fort and Lighthouse,<br>a picture by S. Austin with a poetical illustration by<br>L. E. L.))
In the poetical illustration 'The Black-Rock Fort and Lighthouse', by [[Letitia Elizabeth Landon]]  to an engraving of a painting by [[Samuel Austin (artist)|Samuel Austin]], she imagines the beacon light as a welcoming sight to voyagers returning home to England.<ref> ((cite book|last =Landon|first=Letitia Elizabeth|title=Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1832|url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=8MpcAAAAcAAJ&pg=GBS.PA8|section=picture|year=1831|publisher=Fisher, Son & Co.))((cite book|last =Landon|first=Letitia Elizabeth|title=Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1832|url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=8MpcAAAAcAAJ&pg=GBS.PA11|section=poetical illustration|year=1831|publisher=Fisher, Son & Co.))</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center">
File:Fort Perch Rock Lighthouse.jpg|Perch Rock Lighthouse
File:Fort Perch Rock entrance crest.jpg|Crest above the entrance
File:Fort Perch Rock 1991.jpg|Fort Perch Rock with Liverpool in the distance
Image:Fortperchrock.jpg|View from the top of Fort Perch Rock
Image:Fort Perch Rock 2 Wirral.jpg|Fort Perch Rock
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Listed buildings in New Brighton, Merseyside]]
*[[Seaforth Battery]]
*[[Fort Crosby]]

==References==
((reflist|30em))

==Bibliography==
*((cite book|first=Ken|last=McCarron|title=Fort Perch Rock and the Defence of the Mersey|id=Merseyside Portfolios|publisher=Countryvise Ltd.|year=1991|isbn=978-0951612910|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/fortperchrockdef0000mcca))
*((cite book|first=C. J.|last=Cocks|title=Notes on Fort Perch Rock, New Brighton, Merseyside, and of its garrison from 1826 to 1956|location=Wallasey|year=1977|oclc=7249440|publisher=Self published))

==External links==
((commonscat|Fort Perch Rock))
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160817003751/http://www.fortperchrock.co/ Fort Perch Rock's website ]

[[Category:19th-century forts in England|Perch Rock, Fort]]
[[Category:Forts in Merseyside]]
[[Category:Museums in Merseyside]]
[[Category:Telecommunications museums in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:New Brighton, Merseyside]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral]]
[[Category:Military and war museums in England]]

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