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((Short description|Quantity collected from a substance in a fractionating separation process))
((More citations needed|auto=yes|date=February 2024))
A '''fraction''' in [[chemistry]] is a quantity collected from a batch of a substance in a [[fractionation|fractionating]] [[separation process]]. In such a process, a mixture is separated into fractions, which have compositions that vary according to a gradient. A fraction can be defined as a group of chemicals that have similar [[boiling point]]s. A common fractionating process is [[fractional distillation]], in which separation is achieved by condensing a vapor over a range of temperatures.<ref>((cite book |last1=Robinson |first1=Clark Shove |title=The Elements of Fractional Distillation |publisher=McGraw Hill Book Company |location=New York |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CvsMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1 |access-date=2024-02-02))</ref> It is used to produce [[liquor]] and various [[hydrocarbon]] fuels, such as [[gasoline]], [[kerosene]] and [[Diesel fuel|diesel]].

A fraction is the product of a [[fractionating column]], a vast chamber designed to separate different substances (such as [[crude oil]]) based on their boiling point.

Fraction could also refer to a description of the composition of a mixture, e.g. [[mass fraction (chemistry)|mass fraction]] or [[mole fraction]].

For a simpler definition a fraction is a part of the fractionating column where a compound with one boiling point can be separated from other compounds with different boiling points. 

==References==

((reflist))

((DEFAULTSORT:Fraction (Chemistry)))
[[Category:Separation processes]]


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