The Friasian age is a period of geologic time (16.3–15.5 Ma) within the Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification of South America. It follows the Santacrucian and precedes the Colloncuran age.[1]

Etymology

The age is named after the Río Frías Formation in the Aysén Basin, Patagonia, Chile.

Formations

Friasian is located in South America
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Locations of Friasian formations
Formation
bold is type 		Country Basin Notes
Río Frías Formation  Chile Aysén Basin
[2][3]
Castilletes Formation  Colombia Cocinetas Basin
[4]
Cerdas Beds  Bolivia Altiplano Basin
[5]
Chilcatay Formation  Peru Pisco Basin
[6][7]
Cura-Mallín Group  Chile Cura-Mallín Basin
[8]
Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation  Argentina Colorado Basin
[9]
Parángula Formation  Venezuela Barinas-Apure Basin
[10]
Pebas Formation  Brazil
 Colombia
 Ecuador
 Peru		 Amazon Basin
[11][12]
Río Foyel Formation  Argentina Patagonian Andes
[13][14]
Río Yuca Formation  Venezuela Barinas-Apure Basin
[15]

Fossils

Group Fossils Formation Notes
Mammals Abderites aisenense, A. meridionalis, Alloiomys friasensis, Astrapotherium hesperinum, Borhyaena tuberata, Cladosictis patagonica, Megathericulus friasensis, Microbiotherium tehuelchum, Parabderites bicrispatus, Palaeothentes intermedius, P. lemoinei, P. minutus, Pichipilus halleuxi, Pitheculites rothi, Prothylacinus patagonicus, Prototrigodon rothi, Sipalocyon gracilis, Adinotherium sp., Homalodotherium sp., Neonematherium sp., Nesodon sp., Pachyrukhos sp., Phoenixauchenia sp., ?Propalaehoplophorus sp., Protypotherium sp., Prozaedyus sp., Theosodon sp., Trachytypotherium sp., Platyrrhini indet. Río Frías
[16]
[17][18]
Lycopsis padillai, ?Hyperleptus sp., Astrapotheriidae, Odontoceti, Mysticeti, Glyptodontidae, Pampatheriidae, Macraucheniidae, Proterotheriidae, Leontinidae, Toxodontidae, Interatheriidae, Megatheriidae, Dinomyidae, Sirenia, Sparassodonta Castilletes
[19][20]
[21]
Hegetotherium cerdasensis, Juchuysillu arenalesensis, Llullataruca cf. shockeyi, Microtypotherium cf. choquecotense, Protypotherium cf. attenuatum, "Plesiotypotherium" minus, Palyeidodon obtusum, Mcdonaldocnus bondesioi, Borhyaenoidea indet., Euphractini indet., Lagostominae indet., Macraucheniidae indet., Megatheriinae indet., Mesotheriinae indet., Peltephilidae indet., Uruguaytheriinae indet. Cerdas [22][23]
Adinotherium sp., Peltephilidae indet. Río Yuca
[24]
Reptiles Chelus colombiana, Chelonoidis sp., cf. Crocodylus sp., cf. Mourasuchus sp., cf. Purussaurus sp., Alligatoridae indet., Boidae indet., Eusuchia indet., Gavialoidea indet., Podocnemididae indet. Castilletes
[21]
[25][26]
Barinasuchus arveloi Parángula
[27]
Purussaurus sp. Río Yuca
[24]
Birds Aves indet. Castilletes
[21]
Palaeospheniscus bergi, Spheniscidae indet. Río Foyel
[28]
Fish Megalodon, Characidae, Serrasalmidae, Sciaenidae, Sparidae, Sphyraenidae, Ariidae, Callichthyidae, Doradidae, Pimelodidae, Carcharhinidae, Hemigaleidae, Sphyrnidae, Lamnidae, Otodontidae, Dasyatidae, Myliobatidae, Rhinopteridae, Ginglymostomatidae, Pristiophoridae, Pristidae, Rhynchobatidae, Rhynobatidae, Lepidosirenidae Castilletes
[21][29]
Carcharodon hastalis Río Foyel
[28]
Phractocephalus sp., Platysilurus sp. Río Yuca
[24]

References

  1. ^ Paleo Database: Friasian
  2. ^ Marshall, 1990
  3. ^ Marshall & Salinas, 1990
  4. ^ Moreno et al., 2015, p.7
  5. ^ Croft et al., 2016, p.2
  6. ^ De la Cruz, 2008, p.53
  7. ^ Solíz Mundaca, 2018, p.13
  8. ^ Utgé et al., 2009
  9. ^ Reichler, 2010, p.181
  10. ^ Paolillo & Linares, 2007, p.2
  11. ^ Antoine et al., 2016, p.56
  12. ^ Wesselingh et al., 2006, p.304
  13. ^ Acosta Hospitaleche et al., 2018, p.442
  14. ^ Acosta Hospitaleche et al., 2013, p.491
  15. ^ Rincón et al., 2016, p.19
  16. ^ Abello & Rubilar, 2012, p.180
  17. ^ Río Frías at Fossilworks.org
  18. ^ Alto Río Cisnes at Fossilworks.org
  19. ^ Suárez et al., 2015, p.4
  20. ^ Amson et al., 2016, p.7
  21. ^ a b c d Moreno et al., 2015, p.35
  22. ^ Cerdas in the Paleobiology Database
  23. ^ Cerdas-Atocha in the Paleobiology Database
  24. ^ a b c Rincón et al., 2016, pp.6-10
  25. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, pp.7–30
  26. ^ Cadena & Jaramillo, 2015, pp.190–196
  27. ^ Quebrada Socó at Fossilworks.org
  28. ^ a b Cerro Plataforma at Fossilworks.org
  29. ^ Kaitamana at Fossilworks.org

Bibliography

Río Frías Formation
Castilletes Formation
Cerdas Beds
Chilcatay Formation
Cura-Mallín Group
Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation
Parángula Formation
Pebas Formation
Río Foyel Formation
Río Yuca Formation
Categories