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((Short description|Village in Scotland))
((Use dmy dates|date=October 2019))
((more citations needed|date=December 2018))
((Infobox UK place
| gaelic_name                      = An Fhùirneis
| official_name                    = Furnace
| static_image_name                = Image:The old Iron Furnace in 2007.jpg
| static_image_caption             = The old iron furnace
| static_image_width               = 200px
| population                       =
| population_ref                   = 
| unitary_scotland                 = [[Argyll and Bute]]
| lieutenancy_scotland             = Argyll and Bute
| constituency_westminster         = Argyll and Bute
| constituency_scottish_parliament = Argyll and Bute
| country                          = Scotland
| sovereign_state                  = 
| coordinates                      = ((coord|56.153288|-5.1817760|region:GB_type:city|display=inline,title))
| os_grid_reference                = NN 02477 00182
| map_type                         = 
| post_town                        = INVERARAY
| postcode_area                    = PA
| postcode_district                = PA32
| dial_code                        = 01499
| edinburgh_distance_mi            = 
| london_distance_mi               = 
| website                          = 
| hide_services                    = yes 
))

'''Furnace''' (((lang-gd|An Fhùirneis))) (formerly '''Inverleacainn''' (((lang-gd|Inbhir Leacainn)))) is a village in [[Argyll and Bute]], on the west coast of [[Scotland]], on the north shore of [[Loch Fyne]], the longest [[sea loch]] in the [[United Kingdom]].  Furnace is around eight miles southwest of [[Inveraray]] on the [[A83 road]].

It is unusual for a West Highland village in having an industrial past in addition to the usual focus on agriculture and fishing. Industrial activity was led by three main businesses: the iron furnace, the powdermills and the quarry.

==Ironworks==
The ironworks were founded in 1755 by the Duddon Company of [[Cumbria]], drawn by the local forest capable of supplying the charcoal needed in smelting iron.<ref name="SM2530">((Historic Environment Scotland|num=SM2530|desc=Furnace, Ironworks |access-date=21 December 2018))</ref> The village, then called Inverleacainn (the mouth of the [[River Leacainn]]) gradually took on the shorthand name of ‘the furnace’ and finally, simply ‘Furnace’. The furnace itself shut down in 1812, upon the expiry of a 57-year lease from the Duke of Argyll.<ref name="SM2530"/> The Duddon Company was bought by [[Harrison Ainslie]] in 1828. The site is a [[scheduled monument]]<ref name="SM2530"/>

==Loch Fyne Powderworks==
The same charcoal resource that fed the furnace supported the development of the next industry to arrive - the manufacture of [[gunpowder]] using charcoal, sulphur and saltpetre. The [[Loch Fyne Powderworks]], one of four in Argyll, was built in 1841 and was criticised for its safety standards after the [[Explosives Act 1875]]. The company had sited an 80-ton storage magazine 80 metres from the village school. 1883 saw the end of ‘The Powdermills’ when it blew up with a [[stove-house]] explosion. The only casualty was the manager, William Robinson, who was not even on site at the time but at home for lunch 230 metres away and killed by flying rocks. The explosion was the subject of a Government enquiry, with concerns (which were never substantiated) about industrial sabotage by rival firms.((Citation needed|date=November 2009))

==Quarry==
The third industry was the [[quarry]], opening in 1841 during the term of the Powdermills and still in operation today. It supplied [[cobblestone|cobble]]s for the streets of [[Glasgow]] and was the biggest employer in the area. Over 200 men then cut the pink granite by hand. The quarry, which now produces crushed stone and concrete in volume, is now fully  mechanised, and employs 3-4 men.

==Furnace and the Camanachd Cup==
In the national sport of [[shinty]], [[Furnace Shinty Club|Furnace]] holds a record that cannot be beaten and was not equalled until 2013. In 1923, the Furnace team won the premier national competition, the [[Camanachd Cup]], beating Newtonmore 2–0 at Inverness – and without having dropped a single goal from the start of the competition to their ultimate victory.<ref>[http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/shinty-history-in-the-making-1.185268 Shinty history in the making - Herald Scotland | Sport | SPL | Aberdeen<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Newtonmore equalled this feat in 2013 when they won the Camanachd Cup without conceding a goal.

==Notable residents==
The Gaelic poet [[Evan McColl]] was born in 1808 at Kenmore, a township on the northern fringe of Furnace. McColl, who wrote "The Mountain Minstrel" (Gaelic "Clarsach nam Beann), died at the end of the 19th century. A stone [[cairn]] was erected in his memory at Kenmore, on the rocks above the loch and was unveiled in 1930 by the [[Duke of Argyll]].

Former residents of Furnace include Duncan Williamson, a celebrated traditional storyteller, author of ''The Horsieman'' and a member of Scotland's gypsy travellers.((Citation needed|date=November 2009)) Williamson's first wife was his cousin, Jeannie Townsley with whom he had ten children. There are still members of the Townsley family living in Furnace. An American academic, now Dr Linda Williamson, became his second wife and guided his career as a celebrated and published storyteller. They had two children.

The [[Tower of London]]’s first female [[Beefeater]], [[Moira Cameron]], appointed in 2007, is from Furnace, living above the village at Goatfield.

==Furnace today==
Furnace and its population today are very different from what they were in its industrial heyday. From a village with 200 working stone-cutters alone, Furnace in 2008 has a total population of little over 200, many retired or semi-retired. A significant source of work is [[fish farming]], which employs eight people at the Furnace Hatchery.

The village [[primary school]], which had a roll of 40 in the 1930s, now has 24 pupils. Of seven local shops a single one remains, along with The Furnace Inn and a [[post office]].  The village has a health centre and a visiting dentist, a sports pitch, and a children's play park.

The Leacainn Walk, a 6-mile circular walk from the village following some of the old [[Droving|drover]]’s roads, crosses the [[River Leacainn]] and passes many local landmarks. The villagers created the walk as a [[millennium project]].

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((oscoor gbx|NN 02477 00182))

((commons category|Furnace, Argyll and Bute))
((Portal bar|Scotland))

((authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Furnace, Argyll And Bute))
[[Category:Villages in Argyll and Bute]]

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