GNG12

Identifiers

GNG12, G protein subunit gamma 12, HG3A

External IDs

OMIM: 615405 MGI: 1336171 HomoloGene: 32427 GeneCards: GNG12

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)^[1]

Band	1p31.3	Start	67,701,475 bp^[1]
Band	1p31.3	End	67,833,467 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 6 (mouse)^[2]

Band	6 C1\|6 30.68 cM	Start	66,873,381 bp^[2]
Band	6 C1\|6 30.68 cM	End	66,998,334 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

jejunal mucosa

nipple

secondary oocyte

duodenum

human penis

saphenous vein

synovial joint

vulva

smooth muscle tissue

urethra

Top expressed in

yolk sac

islet of Langerhans

uterus

jejunum

cervix

ascending aorta

duodenum

esophagus

kidney

large intestine

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	phosphate ion binding PDZ domain binding protein binding signal transducer activity GTPase activity G-protein beta-subunit binding
Cellular component	plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane actin filament heterotrimeric G-protein complex G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex
Biological process	cerebral cortex development G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to glucagon stimulus response to lipopolysaccharide signal transduction
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


55970


14701

Ensembl


ENSG00000172380


ENSMUSG00000036402

UniProt


Q9UBI6


Q9DAS9

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_018841

NM_001177556 NM_001177557 NM_001177558 NM_001177559 NM_001177560
NM_025278

RefSeq (protein)


NP_061329

NP_001171027 NP_001171028 NP_001171029 NP_001171030 NP_001171031
NP_079554

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1: 67.7 – 67.83 Mb

Chr 6: 66.87 – 67 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG12 gene.^[5]^[6]

References

Morishita R, Nakayama H, Isobe T, et al. (1996). "Primary structure of a gamma subunit of G protein, gamma 12, and its phosphorylation by protein kinase C." J. Biol. Chem. 270 (49): 29469–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.49.29469. PMID 7493986.
Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
Morishita R, Saga S, Kawamura N, et al. (1997). "Differential localization of the gamma 3 and gamma 12 subunits of G proteins in the mammalian brain". J. Neurochem. 68 (2): 820–7. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020820.x. PMID 9003074.
Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
Asano T, Morishita R, Ueda H, Kato K (1999). "Selective association of G protein beta(4) with gamma(5) and gamma(12) subunits in bovine tissues". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (30): 21425–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.30.21425. PMID 10409705.
Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, et al. (2000). "Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (17): 9543–8. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.9543H. doi:10.1073/pnas.160270997. PMC 16901. PMID 10931946.
Cook LA, Schey KL, Cleator JH, et al. (2002). "Identification of a region in G protein gamma subunits conserved across species but hypervariable among subunit isoforms". Protein Sci. 10 (12): 2548–55. doi:10.1110/ps.ps.26401. PMC 2374038. PMID 11714923.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7220–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210304200. PMID 12486123.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, et al. (2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. PMID 14743216. S2CID 11683986.
Kato C, Mizutani T, Tamaki H, et al. (2004). "Characterization of heterotrimeric G protein complexes in rice plasma membrane". Plant J. 38 (2): 320–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02046.x. PMID 15078334.
Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, et al. (2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions". Genome Res. 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMC 515316. PMID 15342556.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983. S2CID 7827573.

Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins

MAP

see MAP kinase pathway

Calcium

G protein

Heterotrimeric

cAMP:	Heterotrimeric G protein Gs/Gi Adenylate cyclase cAMP 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase Protein kinase A
cGMP:	Transducin Gustducin Guanylate cyclase cGMP 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase Protein kinase G
G alpha subunit G_α GNAO1 GNAI1 GNAI2 GNAI3 GNAT1 GNAT2 GNAT3 GNAZ GNAS GNAL GNAQ GNA11 GNA12 GNA13 GNA14 GNA15/GNA16
G beta-gamma complex G_β GNB1 GNB2 GNB3 GNB4 GNB5 G_γ GNGT1 GNGT2 GNG2 GNG3 GNG4 GNG5 GNG7 GNG8 GNG10 GNG11 GNG12 GNG13 BSCL2
G protein-coupled receptor kinase AMP-activated protein kinase

Monomeric

Cyclin

Lipid

Other protein kinase

Serine/threonine:	Casein kinase 1 2 eIF-2 kinase EIF2AK3 Glycogen synthase kinase GSK1 GSK2 GSK-3 GSK3A GSK3B IκB kinase CHUK IKK2 IKBKG Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase IRAK1 IRAK2 IRAK3 IRAK4 Lim kinase LIMK1 LIMK2 p21-activated kinases PAK1 PAK2 PAK3 PAK4 Rho-associated protein kinase ROCK1 ROCK2 Ribosomal s6 kinase RPS6KA1
Tyrosine:	ZAP70 Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase PTK2 PTK2B BTK
both	Dual-specificity kinase DYRK1A DYRK1B DYRK2 DYRK3 DYRK4

Other protein phosphatase

Serine/threonine:	Protein phosphatase 2
Tyrosine:	protein tyrosine phosphatase: Receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase Sh2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase
both:	Dual-specificity phosphatase

Apoptosis

see apoptosis signaling pathway

GTP-binding protein regulators

see GTP-binding protein regulators

Other

see also deficiencies of intracellular signaling peptides and proteins

References

Further reading