GNG3

Identifiers

GNG3, G protein subunit gamma 3, HG3D

External IDs

OMIM: 608941 MGI: 102704 HomoloGene: 22575 GeneCards: GNG3

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)^[1]

Band	11q12.3	Start	62,707,676 bp^[1]
Band	11q12.3	End	62,709,201 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)^[2]

Band	19 A\|19 5.76 cM	Start	8,814,297 bp^[2]
Band	19 A\|19 5.76 cM	End	8,816,558 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Top expressed in
prefrontal cortex superior frontal gyrus Brodmann area 9 dorsolateral prefrontal cortex cerebellar hemisphere
More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor binding signal transducer activity type 1 angiotensin receptor binding GO:0001948 protein binding GO:0006184 GTPase activity G-protein beta-subunit binding
Cellular component	cell body plasma membrane dendrite membrane heterotrimeric G-protein complex GO:0097483, GO:0097481 postsynaptic density G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex
Biological process	positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway signal transduction
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


2785


14704

Ensembl


ENSG00000162188


ENSMUSG00000071658

UniProt


P63215


P63216

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_012202


NM_010316

RefSeq (protein)


NP_036334


NP_034446

Location (UCSC)

Chr 11: 62.71 – 62.71 Mb

Chr 19: 8.81 – 8.82 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG3 gene.^[5]^[6]

G proteins are heterotrimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Gamma subunits, such as GNG3, contribute to the specificity of the hundreds of receptor signaling pathways involving G proteins (Schwindinger et al., 2004).[supplied by OMIM]^[6]

References

Wedegaertner PB, Wilson PT, Bourne HR (1995). "Lipid modifications of trimeric G proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (2): 503–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.2.503. PMID 7822269.
Garcia-Higuera I, Thomas TC, Yi F, Neer EJ (1996). "Intersubunit surfaces in G protein alpha beta gamma heterotrimers. Analysis by cross-linking and mutagenesis of beta gamma". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1): 528–35. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.1.528. PMID 8550614.
Yan K, Kalyanaraman V, Gautam N (1996). "Differential ability to form the G protein betagamma complex among members of the beta and gamma subunit families". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (12): 7141–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.12.7141. PMID 8636150.
Morishita R, Saga S, Kawamura N, et al. (1997). "Differential localization of the gamma 3 and gamma 12 subunits of G proteins in the mammalian brain". J. Neurochem. 68 (2): 820–7. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020820.x. PMID 9003074. S2CID 83968908.
Bell B, Xing H, Yan K, et al. (1999). "KSR-1 binds to G-protein betagamma subunits and inhibits beta gamma-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (12): 7982–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.12.7982. PMID 10075696.
Hurowitz EH, Melnyk JM, Chen YJ, et al. (2000). "Genomic characterization of the human heterotrimeric G protein alpha, beta, and gamma subunit genes". DNA Res. 7 (2): 111–20. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.2.111. PMID 10819326.
Evanko DS, Thiyagarajan MM, Siderovski DP, Wedegaertner PB (2001). "Gbeta gamma isoforms selectively rescue plasma membrane localization and palmitoylation of mutant Galphas and Galphaq". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (26): 23945–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101154200. PMID 11294873.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7220–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210304200. PMID 12486123.
Kato C, Mizutani T, Tamaki H, et al. (2004). "Characterization of heterotrimeric G protein complexes in rice plasma membrane". Plant J. 38 (2): 320–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02046.x. PMID 15078334.
Schwindinger WF, Giger KE, Betz KS, et al. (2004). "Mice with Deficiency of G Protein γ3 Are Lean and Have Seizures". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (17): 7758–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.17.7758-7768.2004. PMC 506985. PMID 15314181.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.

Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins

MAP

see MAP kinase pathway

Calcium

G protein

Heterotrimeric

cAMP:	Heterotrimeric G protein Gs/Gi Adenylate cyclase cAMP 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase Protein kinase A
cGMP:	Transducin Gustducin Guanylate cyclase cGMP 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase Protein kinase G
G alpha subunit G_α GNAO1 GNAI1 GNAI2 GNAI3 GNAT1 GNAT2 GNAT3 GNAZ GNAS GNAL GNAQ GNA11 GNA12 GNA13 GNA14 GNA15/GNA16
G beta-gamma complex G_β GNB1 GNB2 GNB3 GNB4 GNB5 G_γ GNGT1 GNGT2 GNG2 GNG3 GNG4 GNG5 GNG7 GNG8 GNG10 GNG11 GNG12 GNG13 BSCL2
G protein-coupled receptor kinase AMP-activated protein kinase

Monomeric

Cyclin

Lipid

Other protein kinase

Serine/threonine:	Casein kinase 1 2 eIF-2 kinase EIF2AK3 Glycogen synthase kinase GSK1 GSK2 GSK-3 GSK3A GSK3B IκB kinase CHUK IKK2 IKBKG Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase IRAK1 IRAK2 IRAK3 IRAK4 Lim kinase LIMK1 LIMK2 p21-activated kinases PAK1 PAK2 PAK3 PAK4 Rho-associated protein kinase ROCK1 ROCK2 Ribosomal s6 kinase RPS6KA1
Tyrosine:	ZAP70 Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase PTK2 PTK2B BTK
both	Dual-specificity kinase

Other protein phosphatase

Serine/threonine:	Protein phosphatase 2
Tyrosine:	protein tyrosine phosphatase: Receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase Sh2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase
both:	Dual-specificity phosphatase

Apoptosis

see apoptosis signaling pathway

GTP-binding protein regulators

see GTP-binding protein regulators

Other

see also deficiencies of intracellular signaling peptides and proteins

References

Further reading