GOLM1
Identifiers
Aliases	GOLM1, C9orf155, GOLPH2, GP73, HEL46, PSEC0257, bA379P1.3, golgi membrane protein 1
External IDs	OMIM: 606804 MGI: 1917329 HomoloGene: 12346 GeneCards: GOLM1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 9 (human)[1] Band 9q21.33 Start 86,026,146 bp[1] End 86,100,173 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse)[2] Band 13|13 B2 Start 59,782,440 bp[2] End 59,823,625 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in palpebral conjunctiva gallbladder rectum ganglionic eminence pylorus bronchial epithelial cell duodenum trachea islet of Langerhans optic nerve Top expressed in epithelium of stomach pyloric antrum left colon mucous cell of stomach crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine Paneth cell ileum duodenum cervix abdominal wall More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding Cellular component integral component of membrane integral component of plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane extracellular space Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum lumen Biological process regulation of lipid metabolic process nucleus organization post-translational protein modification Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 51280 105348 Ensembl ENSG00000135052 ENSMUSG00000021556 UniProt Q8NBJ4 Q91XA2 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_177937 NM_001099268 NM_016548 NM_001035122 NM_027307 RefSeq (protein) NP_057632 NP_808800 NP_001030294 NP_081583 Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 86.03 – 86.1 Mb Chr 13: 59.78 – 59.82 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) also known as Golgi phosphoprotein 2 or Golgi membrane protein GP73 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GOLM1 gene.^[5][6][7] Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described for this gene.

Function

The Golgi complex plays a key role in the sorting and modification of proteins exported from the endoplasmic reticulum. The protein encoded by this gene is a type II Golgi transmembrane protein. It processes protein synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and assists in the transport of protein cargo through the Golgi apparatus. The expression of this encoded protein has been observed to be upregulated in response to viral infection.^[7]

Clinical significance

Golgi membrane protein 1 is overexpressed in prostate cancer^[8][9] and lung adenocarcinoma tissue.^[10]

Blood levels of GP73 are higher in patients with liver cancer than in healthy individuals. In addition, levels were not significantly higher in patients with diseases other than liver disease. The current blood test used to screen for early tumors in people at high risk for liver cancer involves the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Patients who are at risk for non-metastatic, or primary, liver cancer typically have chronic liver disease such as cirrhosis. Such cases of cirrhosis are usually due to infection caused by infectious hepatitis (usually hepatitis B or hepatitis C, though there are other strains), or because of degenerative fatty liver disease (which can be especially severe in those with alcoholism). However, the AFP test is not usually sensitive enough to detect liver cancer in time and it often generates false positives. So far, the blood samples of more than 1,000 patients with various stages of liver and non-liver disease have been tested for the presence of GP73 in several studies. Several medical diagnostic companies are in the process of developing automated serum tests for the protein that could be performed in routine hospital laboratories.^[11]