GRB 980425
Event typeGamma-ray burst Edit this on Wikidata
ConstellationTelescopium Edit this on Wikidata
Right ascension19h 35m 03.17s[1]
Declination−52° 50 46.1′[1]
EpochJ2000
Distance130 million light years
Other designationsGRB 980425
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GRB 980425 was a gamma-ray burst (GRB) that was detected on 25 April 1998 at 21:49 UTC. GRB 980425 occurred at approximately the same time as SN 1998bw, providing the first evidence that gamma-ray bursts and supernovae are related, and at a distance of 40 megaparsecs (130,000,000 ly), remains the closest GRB yet observed.[2]

Observations

GRB 980425 was first detected by the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor onboard BeppoSAX on 25 April 1998 at 21:49 UTC. The burst lasted approximately 30 seconds and had a single peak in its light curve.[3] The Narrow Field Instruments (NFIs) onboard BeppoSAX began making observations of the region approximately 10 hours after the burst was detected. The NFIs detected two previously unknown x-ray sources—one at α = 19h 35m 04s, δ = −52° 48′ 33″, and the other at α = 19h 35m 21s, δ = −52° 52′ 19″.[4] In the days that followed the burst, a variable object was detected in the original BeppoSAX error box that was not coincident with either of the two X-ray sources. The object's light curve implied that it might be a supernova.[5]

Supernova relation

A search for the burst's radio afterglow resulted in one object that was coincident with the previously discovered supernova candidate, giving early credence to the idea that SN 1998bw and GRB 980425 were related.[6] This was the first evidence of a physical relationship between gamma-ray bursts and supernovae.[7] Evidence for this relationship and the details thereof continues to develop in the years since this breakthrough. Analyses of previously discovered bursts, such as GRB 970228 and GRB 980326, showed that they may have also been affected by supernovae.[8]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Barbon, R.; Buondi, V.; Cappellaro, E.; Turatto, M. (2008). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Asiago Supernova Catalogue (Version 2008-Mar)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog. Bibcode:2008yCat.2283....0B.
  2. ^ Soderberg, A. M.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Berger, E.; Fox, D. W.; Sako, M.; Frail, D. A.; Gal-Yam, A.; Moon, D. S.; Cenko, S. B.; Yost, S. A.; Phillips, M. M.; Persson, S. E.; Freedman, W. L.; Wyatt, P.; Jayawardhana, R.; Paulson, D. (2004). "The sub-energetic γ-ray burst GRB 031203 as a cosmic analogue to the nearby GRB 980425". Nature. 430 (7000): 648–650. arXiv:astro-ph/0408096. Bibcode:2004Natur.430..648S. doi:10.1038/nature02757. hdl:2027.42/62961. PMID 15295592. S2CID 4363027.
  3. ^ Soffitta, P.; et al. (26 April 1998). "IAUC 6884: GRB 980425; 1998 H1; 1998aq". International Astronomical Union. Archived from the original on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2011-07-05.
  4. ^ Pian, E.; et al. (29 April 1998). "Report on BSAX observations of GRB980425". Gamma-Ray Burst Coordinates Network. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
  5. ^ Galama, T. J.; et al. (7 May 1998). "IAUC 6895: GRB 980425". International Astronomical Union. Archived from the original on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2011-07-05.
  6. ^ Tinney, C. (7 May 1998). "IAUC 6896: GRB 980425; V4334 Sgr". International Astronomical Union. Archived from the original on 2012-05-01. Retrieved 2011-07-05.
  7. ^ Weinstock, Maia (7 July 2000). "Hubble Detects Gamma Ray Burst, Possible Parent Supernova". Space.com. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
  8. ^ Vreeswijk, P.; et al. (March 2000). "Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows: Surprises from the Sky". ING Newsletter. No. 2. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
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