GWR 1016 Class
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer George Armstrong Builder Wolverhampton, GWR[1] Order number Lots: B, C, J, K, L[1] Serial number Works Nos: 47–70, 131–66[1] Build date 1867 (1867)–71[1] Total produced 60[1]
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 0-6-0ST[1] Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Driver dia. 4 ft 6 in (1.372 m)[1] Wheelbase 7 ft 4 in (2.24 m) + 8 ft 2 in (2.49 m), total 15 ft 6 in (4.72 m)[1] Frame type Type: Double Length: 26 ft 8+1⁄2 in (8.14 m)[2] Axle load 13 long tons 0 cwt (29,100 lb or 13.2 t) full[1] Loco weight 37 long tons 0 cwt (82,900 lb or 37.6 t) full[1] Fuel type Coal Water cap. 880 imp gal (4,000 L; 1,060 US gal)[1] Firebox: ​  • Grate area 16.25 sq ft (1.510 m2)[1] Boiler Barrel: 11 ft 0 in (3.35 m) Outside diameter: 4 ft 7+7⁄8 in (1.419 m)[1] Boiler pressure 140 lbf/in2 (0.97 MPa)[1] Heating surface: ​  • Firebox 91.75 sq ft (8.524 m2)[1]  • Tubes 1,045.25 sq ft (97.107 m2)[1]  • Total surface 1,137.0 sq ft (105.63 m2)[1] Cylinders Two, inside Cylinder size Diameter: 16 in (406 mm) Stroke: 24 in (610 mm)[1] Loco brake Wooden blocks[a]
Performance figures Tractive effort 13,540 lbf (60.23 kN)[1]
Career Operators GWR Class GWR 1016 Numbers 1016–75[1] Locale GWR Northern and Southern divisions[1] Withdrawn 1910 (1910)–35[4] Disposition All scrapped[1]

The 1016 Class consisted of sixty double framed 0-6-0ST locomotives designed by George Armstrong and built at the Wolverhampton Works of the Great Western Railway between 1867 and 1871. Like the earlier 302 Class of Joseph Armstrong, the 1016s had 4 ft 6 in (1.372 m) wheels and a 15 ft 6 in (4.72 m) wheelbase, dimensions that would remain traditional for the larger GWR pannier tanks right through to Charles Collett's 5700 Class, and with little change to Frederick Hawksworth's 9400 Class of 1947.

Construction

The 1016 Class consisted of 60 engines and was built in five lots:

• Nos. 1016–1027 (Lot B, 1867)
• Nos. 1028–1039 (Lot C, 1867-8)
• Nos. 1040–1051 (Lot J, 1870)
• Nos. 1052–1063 (Lot K, 1870-1)
• Nos. 1064–1075 (Lot L, 1871)

Design and modifications

The class originally had very short saddle tanks. They were a Wolverhampton version of the Standard Goods class, which they resembled below the running plate. Between 1879 and 1895 the 16 in × 24 in (406 mm × 610 mm) cylinders were mostly enlarged to 17 in (432 mm), and the wheels enlarged to 4 ft 7+7⁄8 in (1.419 m) by means of thicker tyres. Most reboilering was done at Swindon rather than Wolverhampton, and with new boilers new, full-length tanks were fitted. From 1911 all but 11 of the class were rebuilt with pannier tanks, at the time that Belpaire fireboxes were fitted. After 1922 heavier boilers were used, and pressure increased. Many had new bunkers, of both Swindon and Wolverhampton design.

Use

These engines were distributed between the Northern and Southern Divisions of the GWR. Apart from four scrapped before 1914 all ran well over a million miles; No. 1047, aged 65, was the last survivor, in summer 1935.^[5]