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((more footnotes|date=September 2020))

((refimprove|date=July 2020))

The '''Gallaeci''' or '''Callaeci''' were an ancient [[Celt]]ic tribe of [[Gallaecia]], living in the northwest of modern [[Portugal]], roughly in today's western half of the [[Porto District]], from the west of the [[Tâmega river]] valley to the Atlantic coast in the west and north of the [[Douro river]].<ref name="arqueotavira populi">https://web.archive.org/web/20040611215344/http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)</ref> 

== Etymology ==
The Greek name of the tribe was ''Kallaikoi''.

A large tribal confederation (the [[Gallaeci]]) in the northwest of the [[Iberian Peninsula]] and the region of [[Gallaecia]] (roughly today's [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] and [[Northern Portugal]], and also included [[Asturias]] and part of [[León (historical region)|León]]) are named after the Gallaeci.<ref name="arqueotavira populi" />

== Culture ==
Culturally, the Gallaeci were part of the [[Late Bronze Age]] and [[Iron Age]] [[Castro Culture]].

== Geography ==
Neighbouring this tribe to the north were the [[Bracari]] and the [[Narbasi]], to the northeast the [[Narbasi]] and some of the [[Nemetati]], and to the east (low valley of the [[Tâmega river]]) were the [[Tongobrigenses]], all of which were also [[Gallaeci|Gallaecian]] tribes. 

To the south (south of the [[Douro river]]) were the [[Turduli Veteres]], a tribe part of the [[Turduli]], and to their southeast (south of the [[Douro river]]) were the [[Paesuri]], a tribe part of the [[Lusitanians]] and to their west was the Atlantic coast.<ref name="arqueotavira populi" />

Their territory was in a strategic position at the low course of the [[Douro river]], because land and maritime routes, including [[trade routes]], crossed their territory between the north and the south or vice versa, and from the east to the west or vice versa.

== Roman conquering ==
Roman general [[Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus]] conquered their land and founded the Roman city [[Portus Cale]] (today's [[Porto]] or [[Oporto]] city) in approximately 136 BC  based on or close to an older Celtic village and [[fortress]] (a [[Castro culture|Castro]]) that was on the top of a hill on the north bank of the [[Douro river]], close to its [[River mouth|mouth]] or [[estuary]] but more to the inland.

The [[Place name|Place Name]] ([[Toponym]]) ''[[Portus Cale]]'' would later give rise th the name [[Portugal]] (the country).

==See also==
*[[Castro culture]]
*[[Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula]]

==References==
((Reflist))
((Refbegin))
*Queiroga, Francisco (1992), ''War and Castros'', Oxford.
*Silva, Armando Coelho Ferreira da (1986), ''A Cultura Castreja'', Porto.
((Refend))

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040611215344/http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)]

((Pre-Roman peoples in Portugal))

[[Category:Tribes of Gallaecia]]
[[Category:Galician Celtic tribes]]
[[Category:Ancient peoples of Portugal]]

((europe-ethno-group-stub))
((Portugal-hist-stub))

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