Gaziantep Castle
Native name
Gaziantep Kalesi
Antep Castle
Gaziantep Castle in 2008
Map
TypeFortification
LocationGaziantep, Turkey
Coordinates37°03′59″N 37°23′00″E / 37.0664°N 37.3833°E / 37.0664; 37.3833
Built2nd and 3rd century
Built forRoman Empire
Original useObservation post
Current useGaziantep Defence and Heroism Panoramic Museum
Gaziantep Castle is located in Turkey
Gaziantep Castle
Location of Gaziantep Castle in Turkey

Gaziantep Castle (Turkish: Gaziantep Kalesi) is a castle on top of a mound in the centre of Gaziantep, Turkey. First used as an observation point during the Hittite Empire, it was expanded into a castle during Roman rule. The castle was severely damaged by earthquakes in February 2023.[1][2]

History

The hilltop was first used as an observation point by the Hittite Empire. It was later expanded into a main castle by the Roman Empire in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD.[3] It underwent further expansion and renovation under Byzantine Emperor Justinian I between AD 527 and 565.[3] The circumference of the round shaped castle is 1,200 metres (3,900 ft). The walls are built of stone and the castle has 12 bastions.

The castle has been renovated numerous times. It saw changes made during the reign of the Ayyubids in the 12th and 13th centuries, as well as the Ottoman Empire, and played an important role during the Turkish War of Independence of the early 20th century.[4]

It is used as the Gaziantep Defence and Heroism Panoramic Museum, and a documentary regarding the defence of the city against the French forces after the fall of the Ottoman Empire runs periodically.

On 6 February 2023, the castle was severely damaged by two consecutive earthquakes.[5] Some of the eastern and southern bastions collapsed, and iron railings and walls around the castle were seriously damaged.[1][6]

Gallery

  • The bridge of Gaziantep Castle, 19th century
    The bridge of Gaziantep Castle, 19th century
  • Video showing damage to the castle and the nearby Şirvani Mosque on the day of the 2023 earthquake

References

  1. ^ a b Marcus, Lilit (2023-02-06). "Ancient castle used by Romans and Byzantines destroyed in Turkey earthquake". CNN. Retrieved 2023-02-06.
  2. ^ Engelbrecht, Cora (2023-02-06). "A castle that has stood guard over Gaziantep for nearly 2,000 years was badly damaged". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-02-06.
  3. ^ a b Defence Sites II: Heritage and Future
  4. ^ "Turkey earthquake: Roman-era castle destroyed by quake". BBC News. 6 February 2023. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  5. ^ "Fears for ancient sites after earthquake destroys parts of Gaziantep Castle". The Guardian. 6 February 2023. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  6. ^ "A Turkish castle that withstood centuries of invasions is damaged in the earthquake". NPR.
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