Genomoviridae
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cressdnaviricota
Class: Repensiviricetes
Order: Geplafuvirales
Family: Genomoviridae

Genomoviridae is a family of single stranded DNA viruses that mainly infect fungi.[1] The genomes of this family are small (2.2–2.4 kilobases in length). The genomes are circular single-stranded DNA and encode rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (Rep) and unique capsid proteins. In Rep-based phylogenies, genomoviruses form a sister clade to plant viruses of the family Geminiviridae.[2][3] Ten genera are recognized in this family.[4][5]

The family name is an acronym derived from geminivirus-like, no movement protein.[2]

The genus name Gemycircularvirus stands for Gemini-like myco-infecting circular virus.[6][7] The type species of the genus Gemycircularvirus — Sclerotinia gemycircularvirus 1, reference strain Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulence associated DNA virus 1 (ssHADV-1), — was the first cultivated member of the family.[2][5] Most other genomoviruses are uncultivated and have been discovered using metagenomics techniques, although more genomoviruses are being isolated as interest grows.[1][3][8]

Taxonomy

The genera in this family are:[4]

Virology

Genome map of ssHADV-1, species Sclerotinia gemycircularvirus 1

These viruses have circular single-stranded genomes of 2.1–2.2 kilobases in length. All but one genomovirids contain monopartite genomes, whereas the genome of Fusarium graminearum gemytripvirus 1 (genus Gemytripvirus) consists of three segments.[1] The monopartite genomes encode two proteins—a Rep (replicator) and a CP (capsid) protein. The Rep protein is most closely similar to the Rep protein of the Geminiviridae. In contrast, the CP protein has no known homologues.[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ a b c Li P, Wang S, Zhang L, Qiu D, Zhou X, Guo L (April 2020). "A tripartite ssDNA mycovirus from a plant pathogenic fungus is infectious as cloned DNA and purified virions". Science Advances. 6 (14): eaay9634. Bibcode:2020SciA....6.9634L. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay9634. PMC 7138691. PMID 32284975. S2CID 215746433.
  2. ^ a b c Krupovic M, Ghabrial SA, Jiang D, Varsani A (September 2016). "Genomoviridae: a new family of widespread single-stranded DNA viruses". Archives of Virology. 161 (9): 2633–2643. doi:10.1007/s00705-016-2943-3. PMID 27343045.
  3. ^ a b Varsani A, Krupovic M (January 2017). "Sequence-based taxonomic framework for the classification of uncultured single-stranded DNA viruses of the family Genomoviridae". Virus Evolution. 3 (1): vew037. doi:10.1093/ve/vew037. PMC 5399927. PMID 28458911.
  4. ^ a b "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  5. ^ a b Varsani A, Krupovic M (October 2021). "Family Genomoviridae: 2021 taxonomy update". Archives of Virology. 166 (10): 2911–2926. doi:10.1007/s00705-021-05183-y. PMID 34331585.
  6. ^ Rosario K, Dayaram A, Marinov M, Ware J, Kraberger S, Stainton D, et al. (December 2012). "Diverse circular ssDNA viruses discovered in dragonflies (Odonata: Epiprocta)". The Journal of General Virology. 93 (Pt 12): 2668–2681. doi:10.1099/vir.0.045948-0. PMID 22915694.
  7. ^ Yu X, Li B, Fu Y, Jiang D, Ghabrial SA, Li G, et al. (May 2010). "A geminivirus-related DNA mycovirus that confers hypovirulence to a plant pathogenic fungus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (18): 8387–8392. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107.8387Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.0913535107. PMC 2889581. PMID 20404139.
  8. ^ Feng C, Feng J, Wang Z, Pedersen C, Wang X, Saleem H, et al. (August 2021). "Identification of the Viral Determinant of Hypovirulence and Host Range in Sclerotiniaceae of a Genomovirus Reconstructed from the Plant Metagenome". Journal of Virology. 95 (17): e0026421. doi:10.1128/jvi.00264-21. PMC 8354332. PMID 34132570.
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