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((short description|Star in the Hercules constellation))
((Starbox begin))
((Starbox observe
| epoch = J2000
| constell = [[Hercules (constellation)|Hercules]]<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/>
| ra = ((RA|17|37|53.347))<ref name=GaiaDR3/>
| dec = ((DEC|+18|35|30.16))<ref name=GaiaDR3/>
| appmag_v = 9.577<ref name=Affer/>
))
((Starbox character
| class = M1.0V<ref name=Burt2020/>
| b-v = 1.530((±|0.015))<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/>
| u-b = 
| variable = 
))
((Starbox astrometry
| radial_v = −9.55((±|0.1))<ref name=Nidever/>
| prop_mo_ra = 926.638
| prop_mo_dec = 984.455
| pm_footnote = <ref name=GaiaDR3/>
| parallax = 122.5546
| p_error = 0.0176
| parallax_footnote = <ref name=GaiaDR3/>
| absmag_v = 10.08<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/>
))
((Starbox detail
| source = <ref name=Burt2020/>
| mass = ((val|0.426|0.017))
| radius = ((val|0.427|0.013))
| luminosity = ((val|0.0295|0.0007))
| gravity = ((val|4.87|0.07))
| temperature = ((val|3656|51|fmt=commas))
| metal_fe = ((val|−0.23|0.16))
| rotation = ((val|38.732|0.286|ul=d))
| rotational_velocity = 2.49
))
((Starbox catalog
| names = ((odlist|BD=+18 3421|G=170-55|HIP=86287|LHS=452|GaiaDR2=4550763526539955712|2MASS=J17375330+1835295))<ref name=SIMBAD1/>
))
((Starbox reference
| Simbad = GJ+686
| ARICNS = 01424
))
((Starbox end))

'''Gliese 686''' (GJ 686 / HIP 86287 / LHS 452)<ref name="SIMBAD1"/> is a [[star]] in the constellation of [[Hercules (constellation)|Hercules]], with an [[apparent magnitude]] +9.577.<ref name=Affer/> Although it is close to the [[Solar System]] – at 26.6 [[light-year]]s – it is not the closest known star in its constellation, since [[Gliese 661]] is 20.9 light years away.<ref name="closeststars">((cite web|url=http://www.closeststars.com/|website=closeststars.com|title=Closest stars|access-date=2019-03-31))</ref> The closest system to this star is the bright [[μ Herculis]], at 4.5 light years. They are followed by [[GJ 1230]] and [[Gliese 673]], at 7.2 and 7.6 light years respectively.<ref name="ISDB">((cite web|url=http://www.stellar-database.com/Scripts/find_neighbors.exe?ID=122400&ly=15|website=stellar-database.com|title=Stars within 15 light-years of Bonner Durchmusterung +18°3421 (The Internet Stellar Database)|access-date=2019-03-31))</ref>

Gliese 686 is one of the many [[red dwarfs]] in the Solar System neighborhood with a [[spectral type]] of M1V,<ref name=Affer/><ref name="SIMBAD1" /> and has an [[effective temperature]] of about 3600 [[Kelvin|K]].<ref name=Affer/> Its [[brightness]] in the [[visible spectrum]] is equal to 0.82% of that of the [[Sun]],<ref name="ISDB2">((cite web|url=http://www.stellar-database.com/Scripts/search_star.exe?Catalog=HIC&CatNo=86287|website=stellar-database.com|title=Bonner Durchmusterung +18°3421 (The Internet Stellar Database)|access-date=2019-03-31))</ref> while its total luminosity is equivalent to 2.7% that of the Sun,<ref name="Morales"/> since a significant amount of the radiation emitted by these stars is [[Infrared light|infrared invisible light]]. Considering only this last parameter, Gliese 686 is considerably brighter than other known red dwarfs; thus, it is 6.5 times more luminous than [[Ross 154]] and 15 times more than [[Proxima Centauri]], the closest star to the Solar System.

Gliese 686 has a radius approximately equal to half the [[solar radius]]. Its projected [[rotation speed]] is 2.5&nbsp;km / s, its [[rotation period]] being equal to or less than 10.3 days.<ref name="Houdebine" /> It has a metallic content lower than that of the Sun; various studies estimate its index [[metallicity]] between -0.25 and -0.44.<ref name="Houdebine"/><ref name="Jenkins"/> It has an approximate mass between 45% and 49% of the solar mass<ref name="Bonfils"/> and is a star with characteristics comparable to that of [[Lacaille 9352]].

== Planetary system ==

Gliese 686 has one known [[super-Earth]] planet detected by [[radial velocity]].<ref name=Affer/> It is orbiting close to the host star with a separation of ((cvt|0.091|AU|Gm)) and an [[orbital period]] of 15.5&nbsp;days. Since the [[inclination]] of its orbit is unknown, only a lower bound on its mass can be determined: it has at least 6.6 times the mass of the planet Earth.

((OrbitboxPlanet begin
| table_ref = <ref name=Burt2020/>
))
((OrbitboxPlanet
| exoplanet = b
| mass_earth = ((val|6.624|0.432|p=≥))
| period = ((val|15.530|0.0011))
| semimajor = ((val|0.091|0.001))
| eccentricity = ((val|0.050|0.030))
))
((Orbitbox end))

==References==
((reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="SIMBAD1">((cite simbad|title=LHS 452|access-date=2019-09-02))</ref>

<ref name=GaiaDR3>((Cite Gaia DR3|4550763526539955712))</ref>

<ref name=Nidever>((cite journal|bibcode=2002ApJS..141..503N|title=Radial Velocities for 889 Late-Type Stars|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series|volume=141|issue=2|pages=503–522|last1=Nidever|first1=David L.|last2=Marcy|first2=Geoffrey W.|last3=Butler|first3=R. Paul|last4=Fischer|first4=Debra A.|last5=Vogt|first5=Steven S.|last6=McGahee|first6=C. E.|last7=O'Donoghue|first7=A. A.|last8=Knox|first8=E. R.|year=2002|arxiv=astro-ph/0112477|doi=10.1086/340570|s2cid=51814894))</ref>

<ref name="Bonfils">((cite journal |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20053046 |last1=Bonfils |first1=Xavier |last2=Delfosse |first2=Xavier|last3=Udry |first3=Stéphane |last4=Santos |first4=Nuno C. |last5=Forveille |first5=Thierry |last6=Ségransan |first6=Damien |title=Metallicity of M dwarfs. I. A photometric calibration and the impact on the mass-luminosity relation at the bottom of the main sequence |year=2005 |journal=[[Astronomy and Astrophysics]] |volume=442 |issue=2 |arxiv=astro-ph/0503260 |bibcode=2005A&A...442..635B |s2cid=13900901 |pages=635–642 |url=http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?2005A%26A...442..635B&db_key=AST&nosetcookie=1 ))</ref>

<ref name="Morales">((cite journal|author1=Morales, J. C.|author2=Ribas, I.|author3=Jordi, C.|title=The effect of activity on stellar temperatures and radii|year=2008|journal=[[Astronomy and Astrophysics]]|volume=478|issue=2|id=pp. 507-512|url=http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?2008A%26A...478..507M&db_key=AST&nosetcookie=1|arxiv=0711.3523|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078324|pages=507–512|bibcode=2008A&A...478..507M|s2cid=16238033))</ref>

<ref name="Jenkins">((cite journal|author1=Jenkins, J. S.|author2=Ramsey, L. W.|author3=Jones, H. R. A.|author4=Pavlenko, Y.|author5=Gallardo, J.|author6=Barnes, J. R.|author7=Pinfield, D. J.|title=Rotational Velocities for M Dwarfs|year=2009|journal=[[The Astrophysical Journal]]|volume=704|issue=2|pages=975–988|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/975|bibcode=2009ApJ...704..975J|arxiv=0908.4092|s2cid=119203469))</ref>

<ref name="Houdebine">((cite journal|author=Houdebine, E. R.|title=Observation and modelling of main-sequence star chromospheres - XIV. Rotation of dM1 stars|year=2010|journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]|volume=407|issue=3|page=1657|id=pp. 1657–1673|doi= 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16827.x|bibcode=2010MNRAS.407.1657H|doi-access=free))</ref>

<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012>((cite journal | last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch. | title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation | journal=Astronomy Letters | volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012 | bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | arxiv=1108.4971 | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015 | s2cid=119257644 | postscript=. ))</ref>

<ref name=Affer>((Cite journal|last1=Affer|first1=L.|last2=Damasso|first2=M.|last3=Micela|first3=G.|last4=Poretti|first4=E.|last5=Scandariato|first5=G.|last6=Maldonado|first6=J.|last7=Lanza|first7=A. F.|last8=Covino|first8=E.|last9=Rubio|first9=A. Garrido|date=31 January 2019|title=HADES RV program with HARPS-N at TNG. IX. A super-Earth around the M dwarf Gl686|arxiv=1901.05338|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume=622|pages=A193|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201834868|bibcode=2019A&A...622A.193A|s2cid=118863481|issn=0004-6361))</ref>

<ref name=Burt2020>((citation|arxiv=2011.08867|title=A Collage of Small Planets from the Lick–Carnegie Exoplanet Survey: Exploring the Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Mass Regime|year=2021|last1=Burt|first1=Jennifer A.|last2=Feng|first2=Fabo|last3=Holden|first3=Bradford|last4=Mamajek|first4=Eric E.|last5=Huang|first5=Chelsea X.|last6=Rosenthal|first6=Mickey M.|last7=Wang|first7=Songhu|last8=Paul Butler|first8=R.|last9=Vogt|first9=Steven S.|last10=Laughlin|first10=Gregory|last11=Henry|first11=Gregory W.|last12=Teske|first12=Johanna K.|last13=Wang|first13=Sharon W.|last14=Crane|first14=Jeffrey D.|last15=Shectman|first15=Steve A.|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=161|issue=1 |page=10|doi=10.3847/1538-3881/abc2d0|bibcode=2021AJ....161...10B |s2cid=227013469 |doi-access=free ))</ref>

))

((Stars of Hercules))

((DEFAULTSORT:Gliese 686))
<!-- Properties -->
[[Category:M-type main-sequence stars]]
[[Category:Planetary systems with one confirmed planet]]
<!-- Location/catalogues -->
[[Category:Hercules (constellation)]]
[[Category:Gliese and GJ objects|0686]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|086287]]
[[Category:2MASS objects|J17375330+1835295]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects|BD+18 3421]]

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