glucosaminate ammonia-lyase

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The enzyme Glucosaminate ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.9) catalyzes the chemical reaction

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + NH₃ (overall reaction)

(1a) 2-amino-2-deoxy-Dgluconate = (2Z,4S,5R)-2-amino-4,5,6-trihydroxyhex-2-enoate + H₂O

(1b) (2Z,4S,5R)-2-amino-4,5,6-trihydroxyhex-2-enoate = (4S,5R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-iminohexanoate (spontaneous)

(1c) (4S,5R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-iminohexanoate + H₂O = 2-dehydro-3-deoxyD-gluconate + NH₃ (spontaneous)

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically ammonia lyases, which cleave carbon-nitrogen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate ammonia-lyase (isomerizing; 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate-forming). Other names in common use include glucosaminic dehydrase, D-glucosaminate dehydratase, D-glucosaminic acid dehydrase, aminodeoxygluconate dehydratase, 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate hydro-lyase (deaminating), aminodeoxygluconate ammonia-lyase, 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate ammonia-lyase, and D-glucosaminate ammonia-lyase. This enzyme participates in the pentose phosphate pathway. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

References

Imanaga Y (1958). "Metabolism of D-glucosamine. III. Enzymic degradation of D-glucosaminic acid". J. Biochem. Tokyo. 45: 647–650. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a126909.
Merrick JM; Roseman S (1966). "D-Glucosaminic acid dehydrase". Carbohydrate Metabolism. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 9. pp. 657–660. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(66)09133-X. ISBN 978-0-12-181809-8.
Iwamoto R, Imanaga Y, Soda K (Jan 1982). "D-Glucosaminate dehydratase from Agrobacterium radiobacter Physicochemical and enzymological properties". J. Biochem. Tokyo. 91 (1): 283–9. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a133686. PMID 7068563.
Iwamoto R, Taniki H, Koishi J, Nakura S (1995). "D-glucosaminate aldolase activity of D-glucosaminate dehydratase from Pseudomonas fluorescens and its requirement for Mn²⁺ ion". Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 59 (3): 408–11. doi:10.1271/bbb.59.408. PMID 7766176.

v t e Carbon–nitrogen lyases (EC 4.3)
4.3.1: ammonia-lyases	Histidine ammonia-lyase Formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase Serine dehydratase Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
4.3.2: amidine-lyases	Argininosuccinate lyase Adenylosuccinate lyase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)