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((More citations needed|date=July 2019))
'''Goma-2''' was a type of [[high explosive]] manufactured for industrial use (chiefly [[mining]]) by Unión Española de Explosivos S.A.

It was a gelatinous, [[nitroglycol]]-based explosive widely used within Spain and exported abroad.
It was used by [[ETA (separatist group)|ETA]] in the 1980s and 1990s.

There were two variants of Goma-2: Goma-2 EC and Goma-2 ECO. As of 2017, the manufacturer MAXAM Corp. S. L. has reformulated the Goma-type ammonia gelatine dynamites which are marketed worldwide under the new Riodin trade name.

==Properties==
Goma-2 explosive was a mixture of several chemicals:<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061011063431/http://www.nordspreng.no/dokumenter/datablad/HMS-datablad,norskversjon_Goma2ECO_.pdf Safety data sheet for Goma-2 ECO by Nordspreng]</ref>
*[[Ammonium nitrate]] - 60—70%
*[[Ethylene glycol dinitrate|Nitroglycol]] - 26—34%
*[[Nitrocellulose]] - 0.5—2%
*[[Dibutyl phthalate]] - 1—3%
*[[Fuel]]s - 1—3%

As with other commercial blasting explosives, detonators were needed to initiate a detonation (usually a [[blasting cap]] # 8).

==Terrorist use==
Goma-2 ECO was the explosive that was used in the [[2004 Madrid train bombings]]. Terrorist Jamal Ahmidan, also known as El Chino, bought the explosive illegally from a mine in northern Spain. It was also planned by the same cell that carried out the Madrid bombings to use the explosive to derail a high-speed train. In 1973, about 80 kilograms of the explosive was used by [[ETA (separatist group)|ETA]] in [[Operación Ogro|Operation Ogro]] to assassinate [[Luis Carrero Blanco]]. The explosion was so powerful it threw Blanco's car over a five store building.

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links ==
* [http://www.maxam-corp.com/en/maxam MAXAM]
* [http://catedu.unizar.es/ciencias_aragon/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=155&Itemid=100&limit=1&limitstart=2 Content of Goma-2 ECO]((dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928004609/http://www.nordspreng.no/dokumenter/datablad/HMS-datablad,norskversjon_Goma2ECO_.pdf NordNorsk Goma-2 ECO fact sheet]

[[Category:Explosives]]

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