Government of California
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The Government of Sacramento County is defined and authorized under the California Constitution, California law, and the Charter of the County of Sacramento.[1] Much of the government of California is in practice the responsibility of county governments, such as the Government of Sacramento County. The County government provides countywide services such as elections and voter registration, law enforcement, jails, vital records, property records, tax collection, public health, and social services. In addition the County serves as the local government for all unincorporated areas.
It is composed of the elected five-member Board of Supervisors, several other elected offices including the Sheriff, District Attorney, and Assessor, and numerous county departments and entities under the supervision of the County Executive Officer.
Some chartered cities such as Sacramento and Folsom provide municipal services such as police, public safety, libraries, parks and recreation, and zoning. Other cities such as Rancho Cordova and Isleton arrange to have the County provide some or all of these services on a contract basis. In addition, several entities of the government of California have jurisdiction conterminous with Sacramento County, such as the Sacramento County Superior Court.
Under its foundational Charter, the five-member elected Sacramento County Board of Supervisors (BOS) is the county legislature. The board operates in a legislative, executive, and quasi-judicial capacity. As a legislative authority, it can pass ordinances for the unincorporated areas (ordinances that affect the whole county, like posting of restaurant ratings, must be ratified by the individual city). As an executive body, it can tell the county departments what to do, and how to do it. As a quasi-judicial body, the Board is the final venue of appeal in the local planning process.
The current members are:
In addition to the Board of Supervisors, there are several elected officers that form the Government of Sacramento County that are required by the California Constitution and California law, and authorized under the Charter.
The Sacramento County Sheriff's Department provides general-service law enforcement to unincorporated areas of Sacramento County, serving as the equivalent of the county police for unincorporated areas of the county, as well as incorporated cities within the county who have contracted with the agency for law-enforcement services (known as "contract cities").
The Sacramento County District Attorney prosecutes felony and misdemeanor crimes that occur within the jurisdiction of Sacramento County.
The Sacramento County Assessor determines the assessed valuation of property in the county.
The Sacramento County Board of Education is composed of seven elected members who serve four-year terms.[2] It governs the Sacramento County Office of Education (SCOE), and appoints the Sacramento County Superintendent of Schools who is also its secretary.
The Board of Supervisors appoints the appoint the County Executive, the Board of Law Library Trustees, the Civil Service Commission, and the County Counsel.[3]
The County Executive (County Executive Officer or CEO) plans, organizes, directs controls and coordinates County activities. The CEO appoints the:[4]
The Sacramento County Probation Department, under the Chief Probation Officer, supervises adult and juvenile offenders granted probation with Sacramento County.
The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) operates health, social, and mental health services for Sacramento County.
The Department of Human Assistance (DHA) administers multiple California welfare programs within Sacramento County, including Medi-Cal, CalFresh, CalWORKs, general assistance, a Medically Indigent Service Program (MISP), and recently a Low Income Health Program (LIHP) Medicaid Coverage Expansion (MCE) program.
The Department of Community Development interprets/enforces California Building Codes for privately owned buildings and structures including commercial and residential new buildings, alterations, additions and/or repairs within Sacramento County’s unincorporated area, investigates housing, zoning and vehicle abatement laws in the unincorporated Sacramento County, performs County Surveyor functions, and oversees most aspects of local land use planning in the unincorporated area of Sacramento County.
The Department of Water Resources provides drainage, flood control and water supply services to various service areas of unincorporated Sacramento County and the Cities of Citrus Heights, Elk Grove and Rancho Cordova.
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See also: Law of California |
The Sacramento County Code is the codified law of the County in the form of ordinances passed by the Board of Supervisors. Every act prohibited or declared unlawful, and every failure to perform an act required, by the ordinances are misdemeanor crimes, unless otherwise specified as infractions.[5]
The current charter was proposed by the Sacramento County Board of Freeholders and ratified by the electorate on February 18, 1933 and became effective July 1, 1933.
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Further information: Government of California |
The Sacramento County Superior Court, which covers the entire county, is not a County department but a division of the State's trial court system. Historically, the courthouses were county-owned buildings that were maintained at county expense, which created significant friction since the trial court judges, as officials of the state government, had to lobby the county Board of Supervisors for facility renovations and upgrades. In turn, the state judiciary successfully persuaded the state Legislature to authorize the transfer of all courthouses to the state government in 2008 and 2009 (so that judges would have direct control over their own courthouses). Courthouse security is still provided by the county government under a contract with the state.
The government of Sacramento operates as a charter city (as opposed to a general law city) under the Charter of the City of Sacramento. The elected government is composed of the Sacramento City Council with 15 city council districts and the Mayor of Sacramento, which operate under a mayor-council government. In addition, there are numerous departments and appointed officers such as the City Manager, Sacramento Police Department (SPD), the Sacramento Fire Department (SFD), Community Development Department, City Clerk, City Attorney, and City Treasurer. As of 11 December 2012 the current mayor was Kevin Johnson and the current councillors were:
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Main article: List of school districts in Sacramento County, California |
Sacramento County is mostly covered by the Los Rios Community College District, but also includes parts of the San Joaquin Delta Community College District around Isleton.
The Sacramento Local Agency Formation Commission (SacLAFCo) is the Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCo) for Sacramento County and regulates special districts.
The Sacramento Regional Transit District (RT) is responsible for public transportation and is governed by an eleven-member Board of Directors composed of members of the Sacramento, Elk Grove, Citrus Heights, Rancho Cordova, and Folsom City Councils as well as members of the Sacramento County Board of Supervisors.
Electricity for the county is provided by the Sacramento Municipal Utility District. The district is governed by a seven-member Board of Directors, and each member is elected by residents in a "ward" or constituency for four-year terms.