In organic chemistry, the Graham reaction is an oxidation reaction that converts an amidine into a diazirine using a hypohalite reagent. The halide of the hypohalite oxidant, or another similar anionic additive to the reaction, is retained as a substituent on the diazirine product. The reaction was first reported in 1965.[1] Various reaction mechanisms have been proposed.[2][3]

Amidine substrates for the reaction can easily be formed from the corresponding nitriles via the Pinner reaction. The halide substituent in the diazirine product can be displaced by a various nucleophiles.[4]

References

  1. ^ Graham, W. H. (1965-10-01). "The Halogenation of Amidines. I. Synthesis of 3-Halo- and Other Negatively Substituted Diazirines". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 87 (19): 4396–4397. doi:10.1021/ja00947a040. ISSN 0002-7863.
  2. ^ Rzepa, Henry (February 18, 2019). "The Graham reaction: Deciding upon a reasonable mechanism and curly arrow representation".
  3. ^ Moss, Robert A.; Wlostowska, Joanna; Guo, Wenjeng; Fedorynski, Michal; Springer, James P.; Hirshfield, Jordan M. (1981). "Mechanism of Graham's reaction". J. Org. Chem. 46 (24): 5048–5050. doi:10.1021/jo00337a061.
  4. ^ Moss, Robert A. (2006-02-09). "Diazirines: Carbene Precursors Par Excellence". Accounts of Chemical Research. 39 (4): 267–272. doi:10.1021/ar050155h. ISSN 0001-4842. PMID 16618094.
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