Gringo-Gaucho are a contingent set of maneuvers performed between the Argentine Naval Aviation and United States Navy's aircraft carriers. The US Navy refers to them as Southern Seas in their last edition. Gringo and Gaucho are linguistic and folkloric designations of long standing, respectively.

History

The Argentine Navy continuously operated an aircraft carrier from 1959 to 1990. When ARA Veinticinco de Mayo was retired, it was decided to keep an embarked air group with the hope of operating a carrier again in the future.^[1] In order to qualify the pilots, the traditional friendship with the Brazilian Navy allowed Argentine naval aviators to operate from the deck of the Brazilian aircraft carriers Minas Gerais and São Paulo during ARAEX exercises.^[2]^[3] The only other choice available was with the United States. As the United States Navy does not maintain regular deployments of aircraft carriers in the South Atlantic it is necessary to wait for one of them to perform a transit within Argentine coastal waters. The opportunities occur when the ships perform a transit around South America to move between the East and West coasts of the United States since they are too large for the Panama Canal. The exercise is coordinated by US Naval Forces Southern Command, but unlike the Sao Paulo the Argentine aircraft solely perform touch-and-go landings.