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((Short description|Musical percussion instrument usually made out of the cane-like trunk of a small palm tree))
((For|the bird|Ortalis ruficauda))((More citations needed|date=February 2024))[[Image:Guacharaca.png|thumb|right|200px|Guacharaca]]
'''Guacharaca''' ((IPA-es|ɡwatʃaˈɾaka|)) is a [[percussion instrument]] found in [[Colombia]]. It is a [[rasp]] named after a bird ([[Speckled chachalaca|''ortalis guttata'']]) whose call it is said to imitate.<ref>((Cite book |last=List |first=George |title=Music and Poetry in a Colombian Village: A Tri-Cultural Heritage |date=1983 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=0-253-33951-0 |location=Bloomington |pages=21–22))</ref>

It is usually made out of the cane-like trunk of a small palm tree. The guacharaca itself consists of a tube with ridges carved into its outer surface with part of its interior hollowed out, giving it the appearance of a tiny, notched canoe. It is played with a fork composed of hard wire fixed into a wooden handle. The ''guacharaquero'' (guacharaca player) scrapes the fork along the instrument's surface to create its characteristic scratching sound. A typical guacharaca is about as thick as a broomstick and as long as a [[violin]]. The guacharaca was invented by native American Indians from the  [[Tairona]] culture in the region of la [[Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta]], Colombia as an instrument to simulate the guacharaca (or ''[[Ortalis ruficauda]]'') bird's singing. During the mid 20th century it was adopted by [[vallenato]] and [[cumbia]] musicians and today it is most often associated with these musical styles.((Colombian culture))Guacharacas provide a steady rhythmic backbone for all varieties of [[vallenato]] and [[cumbia]].

Playing the guacharaca requires rhythm, speed and coordination. The instrument is held in the non-dominant hand and rests on the shoulder, while the other hand moves the wire fork up and down to create a pattern. Thus, depending on the music the movement will change which can increase the difficulty in playing.

== References ==
((reflist))

==Further reading==
*George List, "Performing Styles in Folk Music and Dance: The Mbira in Cartagena", ''Journal of the International Folk Music Council'', Vol. 20. (1968), pp.&nbsp;54–59.
*George List, "African Influences in the Rhythmic and Metric Organization of Colombian Costeño Folksong and Folk Music", ''Latin American Music Review / Revista de Música Latinoamericana'', Vol. 1, No. 1. (Spring - Summer, 1980), pp.&nbsp;6–17.

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041128085310/http://larkinthemorning.com/product.asp?pn=PER391 Larkinthemorning.com]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090105211846/http://www.hmsf.org/folklife/sa_music/english/guacharaca.htm Historical Museum of Southern Florida]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060907005238/http://festivalvallenato.com/html/el_folclor/el_folclor_vallenato_la_musica_vallenata_instrumentos_guacharaca.htm  FestivalVallenato.com ((in lang|es)) ]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110715044611/http://www.parrandavallenata.com/Sections+index-req-viewarticle-artid-13-page-1.html Parrandavallenata.com ((in lang|es))]
*[http://www.worlddiscoveries.net/Latin%20Issue/General%20Latin%20Music%20Awards.htm Worlddiscoveries.net]

((Scraped idiophones))

[[Category:Vallenato]]
[[Category:Colombian musical instruments]]
[[Category:Scraped idiophones]]


((Idiophone-instrument-stub))
((Colombia-stub))

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