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((RefImprove|date=July 2023))
((Short description|Private island in the British Virgin Islands))
((About||the Antiguan island|Guiana Island|the Bahamian island|Guana cay))
((Distinguish|Guano Island|Guano Islands))

((Use British English|date=March 2015))
((Use dmy dates|date=March 2015))
((Infobox islands
| name = Guana Island
| image_name = Guana Island, BVI.JPG
| image_caption = Guana Island seen from [[Tortola]]
| island_type = 
| location = [[Atlantic Ocean]]
| map = British Virgin Islands#Caribbean
| map_caption = The location of Guana Island within the British Virgin Islands
| area_sqmi = 
| coordinates = ((coord|18|28|30|N|64|34|15|W|region:VG_type:isle|display=title,inline))
| archipelago = [[Virgin Islands]]
| country = United Kingdom
| country_admin_divisions_title = [[British Overseas Territory]]
| country_admin_divisions = [[British Virgin Islands]]
| population = 
| population_as_of = 
| population_footnotes = 
| timezone1        = [[Atlantic Time Zone|AST]]
| utc_offset1      = -4
| iso_code         = VG
))

'''Guana Island''' ((IPAc-en|'|g|w|A:|n|@)) is an island of the [[British Virgin Islands]] (BVI) in the [[Caribbean]]. One of the few remaining privately owned islands in its part of the world, Guana has seven white powder-sand beaches and ((convert|850|acre|km2)) of tropical forest, mountains, hills, and valleys. The island is mostly natural preserve and has a small [[resort]].

==History==
((Unreferenced section|date=July 2023))
In the 18th century, two [[Religious Society of Friends|Quaker]] families came to Guana as part of what was called "[[History of the British Virgin Islands#Quaker settlement|the Quaker Experiment]]" which lasted for about forty-five years in the BVI. They used [[Atlantic slave trade|African slaves]] and cultivated [[sugar cane]]. When they were recalled to the [[United States]] and [[England]], they left behind two [[cannon]]s still on Guana today. [[Archaeology|Archaeologists]] have extensively studied the Quaker ruins and have also unearthed older artifacts that give insight into Guana's earlier [[Amerindian]] history.

Beth and Louis Bigelow of [[Massachusetts]] purchased Guana in 1934. With the help of local men they built six stone cottages and developed a reputation as creative pioneers. Their guests - professionals, intellectuals and world travelers - came for months at a time, attracted to the simple but rich life.

==Current==
[[File:Locator Map Virgin Islands NP.PNG|thumb|right|460px|Location off the north-east coast of [[Tortola]]]]
[[Henry Jarecki|Henry and Gloria Jarecki]] bought Guana in 1975 and began improving accommodations and other facilities with the goal of maintaining the island's historic style and ambiance. An interest in conservation led them to establish a long-term restoration program to protect the island's flora and fauna and bring back once-common species.((citation needed|date=March 2014)).

==Flora and fauna==
Scientists say that Guana has more flora and fauna than any island of its size yet studied in the Caribbean and possibly the world.<ref>[http://www.guana.com/printer_friendly/nature_flora_pr.html Guana Island | Nature | Flora & Fauna<!-- Bot generated title -->] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215091306/http://www.guana.com/printer_friendly/nature_flora_pr.html |date=15 December 2007 ))</ref>((Third-party inline|date=July 2023|reason=This reference is to a PR page from the island's tourism board))

The island provides habitat for the Puerto Rican racer (''[[Alsophis portoricensis]]''), the [[common Puerto Rican ameiva]] (''Ameiva exsul''), the [[crested anole]] (''Anolis cristatellus wileyae''), the [[sharp-mouthed lizard]] (''Anolis pulchellus''), barred anole (''[[Anolis stratulus]]''), green iguana (''[[Iguana iguana]]''), [[big-scaled least gecko]] (''Sphaerodactylus macrolepis macrolepis''), and the [[Richard's worm snake]] (''Typhlops richardi'').<ref name="ARB">((cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/atollresearchb2412511smit|title=Atoll research bulletin - Biogeography of the Puerto Rican bank|first1=Harold|last1=Heatwole|first2=Richard|last2=Levins|first3=Michael D.|last3=Byer|volume=251|pages=[https://archive.org/details/atollresearchb2412511smit/page/47 47]|publisher=The Smithsonian Institution|location=Washington D.C.|date=July 1981|oclc=45726059))</ref>

The restoration program has brought extirpated species back to Guana and other [[Virgin Islands]]. The [[Cyclura pinguis|stout iguana]] had survived only on [[Anegada]] but now flourishes on Guana and lives on other islands as well. Other plant and animal species that have been restored and protected include the [[Red-footed tortoise|red-legged tortoise]], the [[bridled quail-dove]], the [[Caribbean flamingo]], the [[white-crowned pigeon]], [[Eggers' mallow tree]], the Virgin Islands [[Euphorbiaceae|euphorb]], Hohenberg's ground [[Bromeliaceae|bromeliad]], and a unique bromeliad found nowhere else.

Guana also has three [[reef]] areas. White Bay is a set of parallel patch reefs in shallow water, where there are no strong waves or currents. The reefs are home to about 100 tropical reef fishes, waving gorgonians called [[Gorgonian|fan corals]], and the various species of hard [[coral]]s. Muskmelon Bay is a deep bay with reefs at 60 to ((convert|80|ft|m)). Large, [[oceanic fish]]es like [[tuna]] and [[king mackerel]] may be seen there. North Bay is a windward, rough-water bay with deep reefs and wrecks.

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* [http://www.guana.com/ Guana Island resort]

((British Virgin Islands))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Private islands of the British Virgin Islands]]

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British Virgin Islands (edit)
Economy of the British Virgin Islands (edit)
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Guana Island (edit)
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