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((Short description|Dutch destroyer))
((other ships|HNLMS Kortenaer))
{|((Infobox ship begin))
((Infobox ship image
|Ship image=HNLMS Kortenaer.jpg
|Ship caption=HNLMS ''Kortenaer''
))
((Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country= Netherlands
|Ship flag=((shipboxflag|Netherlands|naval))
|Ship name=''Kortenaer''
|Ship namesake=[[Egbert Bartholomeusz Kortenaer]]
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=
|Ship laid down=24 August 1925
|Ship launched=30 June 1927
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=3 September 1928
|Ship decommissioned= 
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck= 
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship motto=  
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate=Sunk in the [[Battle of the Java Sea]], 27 February 1942
|Ship notes=
))
((Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class= ((sclass2|Admiralen|destroyer))  
|Ship displacement=*((convert|1316|LT|t|0|abbr=on)) standard
*((convert|1640|LT|t|0|abbr=on)) full load
|Ship length= ((convert|98|m|ftin|abbr=on))  
|Ship beam=((convert|9.53|m|ftin|abbr=on))  
|Ship height= 
|Ship draft=((convert|2.97|m|ftin|abbr=on))  
|Ship depth=
|Ship hold depth=
|Ship propulsion=*2 × [[Parsons geared turbine]]s<ref name="Conways22 p389">Gardiner and Chesneau 1980, p. 389.</ref>
*2 × shafts
|Ship power=*3 × [[Yarrow boiler|Yarrow type boiler]]s
*((convert|31000|hp|MW|abbr=on))
|Ship speed= ((convert|36|kn|lk=in)) 
|Ship range=((convert|3200|nmi|abbr=on)) at ((convert|15|kn|abbr=on)) 
|Ship complement=149
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*4 × ((convert|4.7|in|mm|abbr=on)) guns (4×1)
*2 × ((convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on)) AA guns (2×1)
*4 × .50 calibre machine guns
*6 × ((convert|21|in|mm|0|abbr=on)) [[torpedo tube]]s (2×3)
*24 × [[Naval mine|mines]]
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=1 × [[Fokker C.VII-W]] [[floatplane]]
|Ship aircraft facilities= [[Crane (machine)|crane]]
|Ship notes=
))
|}
'''HNLMS ''Kortenaer''''' (((lang-nl|Hr.Ms. Kortenaer))) was an  ((sclass2|Admiralen|destroyer)) of the [[Royal Netherlands Navy]], named after 17th century Dutch Admiral [[Egbert Bartholomeusz Kortenaer]].

==Design==
In the mid-1920s, the Netherlands placed orders for four new destroyers to be deployed to the East Indies. They were built in Dutch shipyards to a design by the British [[Yarrow Shipbuilders]], which was based on the destroyer ((HMS|Ambuscade|D38|6)), which Yarrow had designed and built for the British [[Royal Navy]].<ref name="Conways22 p390">Gardiner and Chesneau 1980, p. 390.</ref>

The ship's main gun armament was four ((convert|12|cm|in)) guns built by the Swedish company [[Bofors]], mounted two forward and two aft, with two ((convert|75|mm|in|abbr=on)) [[anti-aircraft gun]]s mounted amidships. Four 12.7&nbsp;mm machine guns provided close-in anti-aircraft defence. The ship's torpedo armament comprised six ((convert|533|mm|in|abbr=on)) torpedo tubes in two triple mounts, while 24 [[naval mine|mines]] could also be carried. To aid search operations, the ship carried a [[Fokker C.VII-W]] [[floatplane]] on a platform over the aft torpedo tubes, which was lowered to the sea by a crane for flight operations.<ref name="Conways22 p389"/><ref name="Whitley p210-1">Whitley 2000, pp. 210–211.</ref>

Being a destroyer, Kortenaer was unarmored, and she was capable of 36 knots, and could traverse 5,900 km (3,666 miles) cruising at 15 knots.<ref>((Cite web |last=dreadnaughtz |date=2022-05-26 |title=Admiralen class destroyers (1925) |url=https://naval-encyclopedia.com/ww2/netherlands/admiralen-class-destroyers.php |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=naval encyclopedia |language=en-US))</ref>

==Service history==
The ship was laid down on 24 August 1925, at the ''Burgerhout's Scheepswerf en Machinefabriek'', in Rotterdam, and launched on 30 June 1927. The ship was commissioned on 3 September 1928.<ref name="netherlandsnavy.nl">((cite web |url=http://netherlandsnavy.nl/Admiralen.htm| title=netherlandsnavy.nl|access-date=2013-10-11))</ref>

On 11 June 1929, a detachment of marines was sent on ''Kortenaer'' to [[Curaçao]], after [[Venezuela]]n rebels, led by [[Rafael Simón Urbina]], had raided [[Fort Amsterdam (Curaçao)|Fort Amsterdam]], in [[Willemstad]], on 8 June.<ref name="scheepvaartmuseum.nl :: Maritieme kalender 1929">((cite web |url=http://www.hetscheepvaartmuseum.nl/knowledgebase/calendar%7C1929| title=scheepvaartmuseum.nl :: Maritieme kalender 1929|access-date=2013-10-13))</ref>

===World War II===
In 1940, she and her [[sister ship|sister]] ((HNLMS|Van Ghent|1926|2)) guarded five German cargo ships. The ships were relieved by the cruiser ((HNLMS|Java|1921|2)) on 26 April 1940.<ref name="scheepvaartmuseum.nl :: Maritieme kalender 1940">((cite web |url=http://www.hetscheepvaartmuseum.nl/knowledgebase/calendar%7C1940| title=scheepvaartmuseum.nl :: Maritieme kalender 1940|access-date=2013-10-13))</ref>

She served mostly in the [[Netherlands East Indies]], and when war broke out in 1941, she was at [[Surabaya]].

She took part in [[Battle of Badung Strait]] on 18–20 February 1942, where she ran aground on one of the channel shores after temporarily losing rudder control. It was impossible for the Dutch ship to return to the formation, and they had to wait for the next morning tide to free the ship. ''Kortenaer'' was sent to [[Surabaya]] for repairs.

=== Battle of the Java Sea ===
''Main Article: [[Battle of the Java Sea]]''

She was back in action in time for the [[Battle of the Java Sea]] on 27 February 1942, where she played a small role, firing on the Japanese fleet but to no use.

However, ''Kortenaer'' was then cemented in history as she was on the receiving end of the longest-ranged torpedo hit in history. At a distance of ((convert|22,000|yd|m|sigfig=3)), the Japanese [[heavy cruiser]] ((ship|Japanese cruiser|Haguro||2)), which had just crippled the heavy cruiser ((HMS|Exeter|68|6)) with gunfire, fired a spread of eight 61 cm (24 inch) [[Type 93 torpedo|Type 93 torpedoes]], one of which hit ''Kortenaer''.<ref name=":0">((Cite web |title=Imperial Cruisers |url=http://www.combinedfleet.com/haguro_t.htm |access-date=2023-04-02 |website=www.combinedfleet.com))</ref> ''Haguro'' would later sink a fellow Dutch warship, the [[light cruiser]] ((HNLMS|De Ruyter|1935|6)), with another torpedo hit during the engagement.<ref name=":0" />

Alexander Sharp, the [[commanding officer]], of the nearby [[United States Navy]] destroyer ((USS|John D. Edwards|DD-216|6)), recorded that "''Kortenaer'', about ((convert|700|yd|0)) bearing 80° relative, was struck on the starboard quarter by a torpedo, blew up, turned over, and sank at once leaving only a jackknifed bow and stern a few feet above the surface." The [[Royal Navy]] destroyer ((HMS|Encounter|H10|6)) rescued 113 men from the total of 153, including [[Lieutenant Commander]] A. Kroese, and took them to Surabaya.

===Wreck===
Over 100 ships and submarines of various countries sank during the war in the seas around Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia, and many are designated as [[war grave]]s. There is known to have been illegal scavenging of the wrecks, often using explosives. The wreck of ''Kortenaer'' was discovered by specialist wreck divers in August 2004. The wrecks of ((HNLMS|De Ruyter|1935|6)) and ((HNLMS|Java|1921|6)) had been discovered by the same group in December 2002.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.pacificwrecks.com/people/visitors/denlay/index.html |title=Kevin Denlay - Shipwreck Discoveries and SCUBA Diver))</ref> In 2016, it was discovered that the wrecks of ''De Ruyter'' and ''Java'', and much of ''Kortenaer'' had disappeared from the seabed, although their imprints on the ocean floor remained. The [[Ministry of Defence (Netherlands)|Netherlands Defence Ministry]] suggested that ''De Ruyter'', ''Java'', and  ''Kortenaer'' may have been illegally salvaged.<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/16/three-dutch-second-world-war-shipwrecks-vanish-java-sea-indonesia |title=Mystery as wrecks of three Dutch WWII ships vanish from Java seabed |work=The Guardian |date=16 November 2016 |first= Oliver |last=Holmes |agency=AFP |access-date= 16 November 2016))</ref> In February 2017, a report was issued confirming the location and condition of the three wrecks.<ref>((cite web |title=2 Joint Verification of the location and condition of Hr.Ms. De Ruyter, Java and Kortenaer |url=https://www.maritiem-erfgoed.nl/sites/default/files/field_attachments/report_verification_mission_feb_2017_java_seapublic_210217.pdf |access-date=2024-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415203303/https://www.maritiem-erfgoed.nl/sites/default/files/field_attachments/report_verification_mission_feb_2017_java_seapublic_210217.pdf |archive-date=2017-04-15))</ref><ref>((cite web |title=Java Sea Shipwrecks of World War 2: One of the men who found them reflects on their loss |url=https://www.historyanswers.co.uk/history-of-war/java-sea-shipwrecks-of-world-war-2-one-of-the-men-who-found-them-reflects-on-their-loss/ |website=History of War |publisher=Future Publishing Limited |access-date=2024-02-26))</ref>

==References==
((reflist))

==Bibliography==
*((cite book|editor-last1=Gardiner|editor-first1=Robert|editor-last2=Chesneau|editor-first2=Roger|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|year=1980|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-146-7))  
* Whitley, M.J. ''Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia''. London: Cassell & Co, 2000. ((ISBN|1 85409 521 8)).

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((Admiralen class destroyers))
((February 1942 shipwrecks))
((coord|6|29|S|112|05|E|source:kolossus-ruwiki|display=title))

((DEFAULTSORT:Kortenaer (1925)))
[[Category:Admiralen-class destroyers]]
[[Category:Ships built in Rotterdam]]
[[Category:1927 ships]]
[[Category:World War II destroyers of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Java Sea]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in February 1942]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Don Isidro (1939) (edit)
French submarine Surcouf (edit)
German submarine U-581 (edit)
German submarine U-82 (1941) (edit)
HMAS Mavie (edit)
HMCS Spikenard (edit)
HMS Ambuscade (D38) (edit)
HMS Arbutus (K86) (edit)
HMS Electra (H27) (edit)
HMS Encounter (H10) (edit)
HMS Exeter (68) (edit)
HMS Grasshopper (T85) (edit)
HMS Jupiter (F85) (edit)
HMS Li Wo (edit)
HMS Maori (F24) (edit)
HMS P38 (1941) (edit)
HMS Tempest (N86) (edit)
HNLMS Banckert (1929) (edit)
HNLMS De Ruyter (1935) (edit)
HNLMS Evertsen (1926) (edit)
HNLMS Java (1921) (edit)
HNLMS K VII (edit)
HNLMS Kortenaer (1927) (edit)
HNLMS Piet Hein (1927) (edit)
HNLMS Van Galen (1928) (edit)
HNLMS Van Ghent (1926) (edit)
HNLMS Van Nes (1930) (edit)
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Japanese cruiser Haguro (edit)
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MS Sama (1936) (edit)
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