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Hadash members demonstrating against water privatization in Israel. The speaker is Dov Khenin; Ayman Odeh is standing to his left and Mohammad Barakeh on his rightHadash members demonstrating for social justice, Tel Aviv 2012. The banner in Hebrew and Arabic states: "The people demand social justice"
The party was formed on 15 March 1977 when the Rakah and Non-Partisans parliamentary group changed its name to Hadash in preparation for the 1977 elections. The non-partisans included some members of the Black Panthers (several others joined the Left Camp of Israel) and other left-wing non-communist groups. Within the Hadash movement, Rakah (which was renamed Maki, a Hebrew acronym for Israeli Communist Party, in 1989) has retained its independent status.
In its first electoral test, Hadash won five seats, an increase of one on Rakah's previous four. However, in the next elections in 1981 the party was reduced to four seats. It maintained its four seats in the 1984 elections, gaining another MK when Mohammed Wattad defected from Mapam in 1988. The 1988 election resulted in another four-seat haul, though the party lost a seat when Charlie Biton broke away to establish Black Panthers as an independent faction on 25 December 1990. The 1992 elections saw the party remain at three seats.
In the 2003 elections Hadash ran on another joint list, this time with Ahmed Tibi's Ta'al. The list won three seats,[11] but again split during the parliamentary session, leaving Hadash with two MKs, Barakeh and Makhoul.
Hadash is a left-wing party that supports a socialistic economy[13] and workers' rights. It emphasizes Jewish–Arab cooperation, and its leaders were among the first to support a two-state solution. Its voters are principally middle class and secular Arabs, many from the north and Christian communities.[14] It also draws 6,000–10,000 far-left Jewish voters during national elections.[15]
The party supports evacuation of all Israeli settlements, a complete withdrawal by Israel from all territories occupied as a result of the Six-Day War, and the establishment of a Palestinian state in those territories. It also supports the right of return or compensation for Palestinian refugees. In addition to issues of peace and security, Hadash is also known for being active on social and environmental issues.[16] In keeping with socialist ideals, Hadash's environmental platform, led by Maki official Dov Khenin,[17] calls for the nationalization of Israel's gas, mineral, and oil reserves.[18]
Hadash defines itself as a non-Zionist party, originally in keeping with Marxist opposition to nationalism. It calls for recognition of Palestinian Arabs as a national minority within Israel.[4] Hadash has in recent times included elements of Arab nationalism in its platform.[19]
Hadash shifted to a more Arab nationalist appeal after running on a joint list with Ta'al in 2003.[20]
In 2015, Hadash declared its support for international campaigns against companies operating in the occupied Palestinian territories.[21]
Election platform
The party's platform for the 2009 elections consisted of:[22]
Achieving a just, comprehensive, and stable peace: Israeli/Palestinian and Israeli/Arab
Protecting workers' rights and issues
Developing social services: health, education, housing, welfare, culture, and sports
Equality for the Arab population in Israel
Eradicating ethnic discrimination in all fields; defending the concerns of residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods and development towns
Protecting democratic freedoms
Equality between the sexes in all fields
Protecting the environment; environmental justice
Eradicating weapons of mass destruction
Controversy
On 1 November 2009, then party leader Mohammad Barakeh was indicted on four counts for events that occurred between April 2005 and July 2007; assault and interfering with a policeman in the line of duty, assault on a photographer, insulting a public servant, and for attacking an official who was discharging his legal duty.[23][24] The charges related to his role in a protest against Israeli government policy, and was considered controversial mainly by those who were opposed to such protests.
^The party's name (Hebrew: חד״ש) is a Hebrew abbreviation for HaHazit HaDemokratit LeShalom VeLeShivion (Hebrew: הַחֲזִית הַדֶּמוֹקְרָטִית לְשָׁלוֹם וּלְשִׁוְיוֹן, lit. 'The Democratic Front for Peace and Equality' and also the Hebrew word for 'New'. The party's Arabic name is Arabic: الجبهة الديمقراطية للسلام والمساواة, romanized: al-Jabhah ad-Dimuqrāṭiyyah lis-Salām wal-Musāwāt, abbr. الجبهة, 'Aljabha'
^Gregory Moore (2008). Spencer C. Tucker) (ed.). Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict. ABC-CLIO. p. 276. ISBN978-1851098415. In the Knesset elections held on March 28, 2006, Hadash, a far-left coalition made up of the Israeli Communist Party and other leftist groups, garnered three Knesset seats (out of 120).
^Zafrir Rinat (20 December 2012). "It's the environment, stupid". Haaretz. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Hadash is adhering to its socialist origins and asking to nationalize the gas, mineral and oil reserves.
