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((short description|German politician (1932–2011)))
((Use dmy dates|date=May 2022))
((More citations needed|date=September 2011))

((Infobox officeholder
|name         = Hans Apel
|image        = Verteidigungsminister Dr. Hans Apel (4909219537).jpg
|imagesize    = 
|office       = [[Federal Minister of Defence (Germany)|Federal Minister of Defence]] <br /><small>([[West Germany]])</small>
|chancellor  = [[Helmut Schmidt]]
|term_start   = 16 February 1978
|term_end     = 1 October 1982
|predecessor  = [[Georg Leber]]
|successor    = [[Manfred Wörner]]
|office2      = [[Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany)|Federal Minister of Finance]]<br /><small>([[West Germany]])</small>
|term_start2  = 16 May 1974
|term_end2    = 16 February 1978
|chancellor2 = Helmut Schmidt
|predecessor2 = Helmut Schmidt
|successor2   = [[Hans Matthöfer]]
|office3 = Parliamentary [[State Secretary]] in the [[Foreign Office (Germany)|German Foreign Office]]<br /><small>([[West Germany]])</small>
|term_start3 = 15 December 1972
|term_end3 = 16 May 1974
|chancellor3 = [[Willy Brandt]]
|minister3 = [[Walter Scheel]]
|predecessor3 = 
|successor3 = [[Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski]]
|office4 = Deputy Chairman of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]] Parliamentary Group in the [[Bundestag]]<br /><small>([[West Germany]])</small>
|term_start4 = 28 September 1969
|term_end4 = 19 November 1972
|term_start5  = 6 March 1983
|term_end5 = 5 September 1988
|office6 = Member of the German [[Bundestag]]
|term_start6 = 19 October 1965
|term_end6 = 20 December 1990
|birthname    = 
|birth_date   = 25 February 1932
|birth_place  = [[Hamburg]], Germany
|death_date   = ((Death date and age|df=y|2011|9|6|1932|2|25))
|death_place  = Hamburg, Germany
|party        = [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] <br />((small|(1955–until his death)))
|spouse       = 
|alma_mater   = [[University of Hamburg]]
|children     = 
|signature    =
))

'''Hans Eberhard Apel''' (25 February 1932 – 6 September 2011) was a German politician and a member of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] (SPD). From 1972 to 1974 he was Parliamentary State Secretary to the [[Foreign Minister]]. From 1974 to 1978 he was the [[Minister of Finance (Germany)|Minister of Finance]] and from 1978 to 1982 he was the [[Minister of Defence (Germany)|Minister of Defence]].<ref>((cite web|title=Dr. Hans Apel|date=6 October 2023 |url=http://www.bmvg.de/portal/a/bmvg/!ut/p/c4/NY0xDsIwDAB_FIuhA2y8gpYlclPLsRSbKnbD9wtI6MY76eAJHwyHMIa8DBvMsBS5re-06uCkYuJBXQ5NTF6qlBqUf25QD5JN-DD2f5idJPLlOk1p6xXNcacGj--mMSxksKveT0SMjTg!/))</ref><ref>((Cite web|title=Die Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages – 1.-13. Wahlperiode: Alphabetisches Gesamtverzeichnis|url=http://webarchiv.bundestag.de/cgi/show.php?fileToLoad=627&id=12|date=28 February 1998|website=webarchiv.bundestag.de|publisher=Deutscher Bundestag, Verwaltung WD 3 / ZI 5|language=de |trans-title=The members of the German Bundestag – 1st – 13th term of office: Alphabetical complete index |access-date=21 May 2020))</ref>

== Education and career ==
After completing his [[Abitur]] (roughly equivalent to graduating high school, A-Level exam) in 1954 in [[Hamburg]], Apel served an apprenticeship as an import and export businessman, in Hamburg. After completing his apprenticeship, Apel went to university, where he studied economics. In 1960, he was awarded a [[doctorate]] in Political Science. From 1958 to 1961, he was the Secretary of the [[Party of European Socialists|Socialist Group]] in the [[European Parliament]].

In 1962, Apel became a civil servant at the European Parliament, where he served as Department Head responsible for Economics, Finance and Transport. In 1993, he was appointed an honorary professor of Economics at the [[University of Rostock]].

== Family ==
[[File:Apel&Frau.jpg|left|thumb|upright|Mr. and Mrs. Apel in 1990]]
Hans and Ingrid Apel married in 1956; they had two daughters.

== Politics ==
Apel joined the SPD in 1955. From 1970 to 1988, he was a member of the National Executive (Bundesvorstand) of the SPD, and from 1986 to 1988 he was also a member of the Executive Board (''Präsidium'').
From 1965 to 1990, Apel was a member of the German [[Bundestag]], representing [[Hamburg-Nord (electoral district)|Hamburg-Nord]]. In 1969, he was deputy chairman of the SPD parliamentary group and again in 1983, after the new elections, until 1988.<ref>((cite news|title=Former SPD Federal Minister Apel is dead|newspaper=Der Spiegel |date=7 September 2011 |url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/sozialdemokratisches-urgestein-ehemaliger-spd-bundesminister-apel-ist-tot-a-784945.html))</ref>

== Government positions ==
[[File:Hansapel.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Apel in 2005]]
In 1972, Apel was appointed Parliamentary State Secretary for European Questions at the German Foreign Office. In 1974, he was appointed Finance Minister in the government of [[Helmut Schmidt]].<ref name="whisky">((cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/47456049 |title=World Cup whisky and the Cold War: When East & West Germany met |first=Mani |last=Djazmi |publisher=BBC Sport |date=7 March 2019 |access-date=7 March 2019))</ref> After the [[Cabinet (government)|cabinet]] reshuffle of 1978, he was put in charge of the Ministry of Defense.<ref name="whisky" />

He left government on 1 October 1982, after [[Helmut Kohl]] became [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]]. In 1985, Apel ran as the top candidate for the SPD in [[Berlin]], which implied standing as [[Governing Mayor of Berlin|Mayor of Berlin]], but lost to the [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|CDU]]  candidate [[Eberhard Diepgen]].<ref>see [[:de:Wahl zum Abgeordnetenhaus von Berlin 1985|Wahl zum Abgeordnetenhaus von Berlin]] 10 March 1985</ref>

== Religion ==
Apel spent his later years speaking about religion. In 2004, he was awarded the [[Walter Künneth Prize]] by the "Kirchliche Sammlung um Bibel und Bekenntnis in Bayern" (the Ecclesiastical Assembly for the [[Bible]] and Commitment in Bavaria), a conservative [[Lutheran]] organization. The prize, named after the German [[theologian]], [[Walter Künneth]], was awarded principally for Apel's book ''Volkskirche ohne Volk'' (''People's Church without a People''), in which he criticizes the "rampant modernism" of the Evangelical Church; he left the [[North Elbian Evangelical Church]] and joined the [[Independent Evangelical-Lutheran Church]]. ((Citation needed|date=September 2011))

== See also ==
* [[List of German finance ministers]]

== References ==
((Reflist))

== External links ==
((Commons category))
* [http://www.bmvg.de/portal/a/bmvg/kcxml/04_Sj9SPykssy0xPLMnMz0vM0Y_QjzKLt4w3cjcFSYGZpub6kTAxX4_83FT9oNQ8fW_9AP2C3IhyR0dFRQDKctTT/delta/base64xml/L3dJdyEvd0ZNQUFzQUMvNElVRS82XzlfNVJO  Information on Apel from the German Ministry of Defense (English)]
* [http://archives.eui.eu/en/isaar/134 Interview] with Hans Apel at the [http://www.eui.eu/Research/HistoricalArchivesOfEU/Index.aspx Historical Archives of the EU] in Florence

((s-start))
((s-off))
((succession box|
| title  = [[Federal Minister of Defence (Germany)]]
| before = [[Georg Leber]]
| after  = [[Manfred Wörner]]
| years  = 1978–82
))
((s-end))

((Navboxes
|title=Hans Apel navigation boxes
|list =
((Cabinet Schmidt I))
((Cabinet Schmidt II))
((Cabinet Schmidt III))
((Finance Ministers of Germany))
((Defence Ministers of Germany))
((Members of the 5th Bundestag))
((Members of the 6th Bundestag))
((Members of the 7th Bundestag))
((Members of the 8th Bundestag))
((Members of the 9th Bundestag))
((Members of the 10th Bundestag))
((Members of the 11th Bundestag))
))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Apel, Hans))
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:2011 deaths]]
[[Category:Finance ministers of Germany]]
[[Category:Defence ministers of Germany]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag for Hamburg]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag 1987–1990]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag 1983–1987]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag 1980–1983]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag 1976–1980]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag 1972–1976]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag 1969–1972]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag 1965–1969]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Rostock]]
[[Category:Members of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party of Germany]]
[[Category:Parliamentary State Secretaries of Germany]]

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