Hans Turley (died June 2008) was a literary scholar, known for advancing the role of queer studies within eighteenth-century English literature, especially queer readings of pirate fiction.^[1]

Turley received his PhD in 1994 from the University of Washington.^[1]: 265 He taught briefly at Texas Tech University after graduation, then joined the faculty at the University of Connecticut in 1998.^[1]: 265

Turley is best known for his 1999 monograph Rum, Sodomy, and the Lash: Piracy, Sexuality, and Masculine Identity, which Kathryn R. King describes as "one of the earliest works of eighteenth-century scholarship to introduce queer perspectives into the post-structuralist mix."^[1]: 266 The book studies homoerotic desire in eighteenth-century works, including Daniel Defoe's novels Robinson Crusoe and Captain Singleton, "opening the hatches" to an interpretation of pirate fiction that does not simply reinforce heteronormativity.^[1]: 266 The book was also notable for making unusually extensive work of primary sources not usually considered by literary scholars, and for highlighting the semi-fictionalized nature of the sensational pirate "histories" that influenced previous historical work on piracy.^[1]: 267

Turley was a founding member of the American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies' Queer Caucus in 1993.^[1]: 265 From 1997 to 2005, he served as an editor of the journal The Eighteenth Century: Theory and Interpretation, including overseeing a special double issue in 2003 titled "Preposterous Pleasure: Homoeroticism and the Eighteenth Century."^[1]: 265

Turley died in June 2008.^[1]: 265 In 2012, a special issue of the journal The Eighteenth Century was published in his memory.^[1]: 265