| Haplogroup Q-L275 or Q2 | |
|---|---|
| Possible place of origin | Eurasia |
| Ancestor | Q-M242 |
| Descendants | Q-M378 |
| Defining mutations | L275, L314, L606, L612 |
Haplogroup Q-L275 or Haplogroup Q2 (formerly Haplogroup Q1b) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup believed to have originated in Eurasia. Haplogroup Q-L275 is defined by the presence of the L275 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Haplogroup Q-L275 can be identified through genealogical DNA testing.
Q-L275 has descendants across Europe, Central Asia, and South Asia. Q-M378 is phylogeographically restricted to southwest Asia.[1]
Q-L275 has not been identified in pre-Columbian groups in the Americas, but is sporadically found among modern Native Americans. Potential sources in indigenous populations are European colonists and religious missionaries. According to Batfaglia, et al, Q-M378 in Native American populations can be attributed to historical migrants from Southwest Asia in the modern historical period.[1]
The problematic phylogeny sampling of early studies has been demonstrated by subsequent studies that have found the Q-M378 descendant branch in South Asia.
According to Behar et al. 5% of Ashkenazi males belong to haplogroup Q.[2] This has subsequently been found to be entirely Q-L275's Q-M378 subclade and is further restricted to the Q-L245 branch.
Q-L245 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It is a descendant branch of the Q-M378 lineage and is the most common branch in West Asian groups such as Iranians and Jewish populations.
Q-L272.1 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It has only been identified in one Sicilian sample.
Q-L301 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. They have identified it in two unrelated Iranian samples.
Q-L315 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It has only been identified in one Ashkenazi Jewish sample. Thus, it is presumed to have arisen after the Q-L245 branch to which it belongs became part of the pre-Diaspora Jewish population.
Q-L327 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. It has only been identified in one Azorean sample.
Q-L619.2 This branch was discovered by citizen scientists. They have identified it in two unrelated Armenian samples.
Q-P306 This branch was discovered by the University of Arizona research group headed by Dr. Michael Hammer in a Southeast Asian sample. It has been identified by citizen scientists in South Asians.
Q-M378 — It is widely distributed in Europe, South Asia, and West Asia. It is found among samples of Hazaras and Sindhis.[3] It has been found in one individual in a small sample of eleven Lachungpa in Sikkim.[4] It is also found in the Uyghurs of North-Western China in two separate groups.[5] Some Western Jews belong to Q-M378 as well. Q-M378's subbranch Q-L245's subclades Q-Y2200 and Q-YP1035 are the only varieties of haplogroup Q that are found in Ashkenazi Jews.[6] Citizen scientists found that some Sephardic Jews carry different subclades of Q-L245, including Q-BZ3900, Q-YP745, and Q-YP1237.
Q-L275 is currently defined by the SNPs L275, L314, L606, and L612.
This is Thomas Krahn at the Genomic Research Center's Draft tree Proposed Tree for haplogroup Q-L275.