Pan American Airways Martin M-130 flying boat; disappeared en route from Guam to Manila in 1938
Hawaii Clipper was one of three Pan American Airways Martin M-130 flying boats. It disappeared with six passengers and nine crew en route from Guam to Manila, on July 28, 1938.
Trans-Pacific service
Pan American initiated trans-Pacific airmail service on 22 November 1935, and began carrying passengers in October 1936. The flying boat service between San Francisco Bay and Manila Bay required about 60 hours of flying time over six days, with intermediate stops at Pearl Harbor, Midway Atoll, Wake Island, and Guam.[1] The flight, Trip 229, first took off from Alameda, California.[2]
Disappearance
Hawaii Clipper departed Guam on the last leg of the westbound journey at 11:39 local time on 28 July 1938. The last radio contact was 3 hours 27 minutes later, when the aircraft reported flying through layers of clouds and moderately rough air 565 miles (909 km) from the Philippine coast.[3]
The US Army transport ship USAT Meigs found an oil slick along the course of the lost aircraft about 500 miles (800 km) from Manila, took samples, and stood by to investigate.[3] Search for the plane was called off on August 5, 1938.[4] Later tests on the oil samples collected by Meigs indicated no connection with the aircraft.[5] Modern reviews of the events and oil sampling techniques have led some to conclude the test of oil from the tropical Pacific compared to samples from San Francisco were not conclusive in ruling out a link with a slick found close to the last estimated position allowing for ocean currents.[6]
Hawaii Clipper was the first of the initial three long-range flying boats to be lost. It was the worst Pacific airline accident at the time, although fatalities were higher when the other two Martin M-130 flying boats crashed later. The Philippine Clipper crash of 1943 killed 19, and 23 were killed when China Clipper crashed in 1945.[7]
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