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((Refimprove|date=April 2010))
[[File:Majadra haystack (on the plate) (4291546125).jpg|thumb|A haystack made with rice, lentils, cheese, veggies, and lemon sauce]]
In the United States, a '''haystack''' is a dish composed of a starchy food ([[Fritos]], tortilla chips) topped by a protein (beans, grated [[cheddar cheese]], taco-seasoned meat or [[meat alternative]]), in combination with fresh vegetables (shredded [[lettuce]], [[tomato]]es, [[olive]]s, [[Bell pepper|peppers]]), and garnished with various condiments ([[guacamole]], [[sour cream]], Ranch, and/or [[Salsa (sauce)|salsa]]). Haystacks are conceptually like a deconstructed [[Tostada (tortilla)|tostada]]. The haystacks ingredients are served individually and assembled on the plate by the person who will be eating it.

==History and composition==
Haystacks are composed of relatively small amounts of many ingredients, in flexible combinations, so they are well suited to serving large numbers of people at a low cost. The flexibility and crowd-pleasing nature of haystacks have made them a popular family and small-group choice for at least 60 years.((when?|date=May 2019))  Haystacks are commonly used among three distinct North American religious subcultures.

===Adventist haystacks===
[[Seventh-day Adventist]] haystacks begin with a corn chip base, often [[Fritos]], though larger, restaurant style chips are often used as well, which are typically crushed with the heel of the hand, followed by beans, and grated cheddar cheese. Lettuce, vegetables, and condiments, especially salsa, are typically added last. Many Adventists are vegetarians, and most official or semi-official Adventist cultural dining events are vegetarian, which is one reason haystacks are so popular with this group. Often a soy-based ground hamburger meat alternative is used as an additional haystack ingredient.  

Haystacks are a common and iconic feature of after-service meals or [[potlucks]], served either at church or in member's homes.<ref>((cite web|last=A Vegetarian Diet|title=A simple seventh day adventist vegetarian recipe, that kids love |url=http://www.a-vegetarian-diet.com/haystacks.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728193931/http://www.a-vegetarian-diet.com/haystacks.html |archive-date=July 28, 2013 |url-status=dead))</ref>

A Seventh-day Adventist named Ella May Hartlein is credited with coming up with the recipe for this version of haystacks in the early 1950s, when she and her family craved tostadas and could not find a Mexican restaurant close to their home.<ref>((cite web|last=Karimabadi|first=Wilona|title=Haystacks or Hartlein Special|url=http://archives.adventistreview.org/article/2976/archives/issue-2009-1533/loaves-and-haystacks/haystacks-of-hartlein-special|work=Adventist Review|accessdate=8 August 2016))</ref>

===Amish haystacks===
The [[Amish]] haystack has less of a Mexican influence, and can contain meat (as compared to the Adventist version). The Amish haystack is built on a lettuce base, with crushed chips or crackers sprinkled on top, followed by cooked hamburger in tomato, spaghetti-like sauce, and nacho cheese. The haystack is finished with chopped vegetables, cheese, and any desired condiments. 

Amish haystacks tend to be associated with community fundraisers for families in need, as opposed to the Adventist haystacks which are more associated with after-service shared community meals.<ref>((cite web|last=Waterlily|title=Amish Haystacks|url=http://www.grouprecipes.com/45100/amish-haystacks.html|accessdate=23 February 2013))</ref>

===Mormon haystacks===
In the community associated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, these are better known as [[Hawaiian haystack]]s, named for the use of pineapple chunks as a topping. In contrast to the Mexican notes characteristic of the Adventist haystack, Mormon or Hawaiian haystacks are characterized by Asian flavors, perhaps a function of the long-time presence of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] in Hawaii. 

Hawaiian haystacks use a white rice base, covered by small pieces of chicken in a sauce or gravy. They are topped by a variety of items, often including the eponymous pineapple chunks, cheddar cheese, celery, tomatoes, sliced almonds, coconut, and chow mein noodles for crunch.<ref>((cite web|last=Mormon Diet|title=jell-o-love-a-guide-to-mormon-cuisine.|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2010/03/jell-o-love-a-guide-to-mormon-cuisine/37929/))</ref>

Hawaiian haystacks are particularly popular in Utah and other western states where there is a high percentage of members of the church. Commonly served at church potlucks, Hawaiian haystacks are part of what is sometimes referred to as "Mormon Cooking", which also includes such dishes as [[pretzel jello salad]], [[funeral potatoes]] and [[frogeye salad]].<ref>((cite web|last=Mormon Diet|title=mastering-the-art-of-mormon-cooking.|url=http://timesandseasons.org/index.php/2010/03/mastering-the-art-of-mormon-cooking/))</ref>

==See also==
*[[Frito pie]]
*[[Taco salad]]
*[[Taco rice]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Cookbook|Frito pie))
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110724023249/http://www.foodnetwork.co.uk/recipes/amish-haystack-dinner-ru323740.html Amish haystacks] - at www.foodnetwork.co.uk

((DEFAULTSORT:Haystack (Food)))
[[Category:American cuisine]]
[[Category:Food combinations]]

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