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[[The Right Honourable]] '''Henry Burton''', [[King's Counsel|KC]], [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|PC]] (2 June 1866 – 25 December 1935) was a South African lawyer and politician.

== Biography ==
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Born in [[Cape Town]], [[Cape Colony]] in 1866, Henry Burton was the eldest son of Henry Burton, civil commissioner and resident magistrate. His great-uncle was the judge Sir William Burton. He claimed to be related to [[Robert Burton]], author of ''[[The Anatomy of Melancholy]]''.

Burton was educated at [[St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown|St Andrew's College, Grahamstown]] and the [[University of the Cape of Good Hope]], before being called to the Bar by the Cape Colony Supreme Court in 1892. Burton practiced in [[Kimberley, Northern Cape|Kimberley]] and became known for his defence of the Cape Colony's black population. [[Sol Plaatje]], a founder of the [[African National Congress]], wrote that Burton was "a negrophilist and did a lot for us while I was in Kimberly."

In the [[1898 Cape Colony parliamentary election|1898 Cape election]], Burton stood in Barkly West for the [[Afrikaner Bond]] against [[Cecil Rhodes]]. In the election, he was supported by prominent figures, including [[Olive Schreiner]], [[Sol Plaatje]], and [[Tengo Jabavu]]. He lost the election, but filed an election petition against Rhodes, which he also lost.

During the Second Boer War, Burton worked as the legal aide of [[Richard Solomon (barrister)|Sir Richard Solomon]], Attorney-General of the Cape Colony. In 1902, he was elected to the [[Parliament of the Cape of Good Hope|Cape Legislative Assembly]] for the constituency of Albert. In 1907, he became a [[King's Counsel]], and in 1908, he joined the government of [[John X. Merriman]] as Attorney-General of the Cape Colony.

In 1910, Burton was elected to the [[Union Parliament]] as member for Albert, and joined the Union Cabinet. He was [[Minister of Bantu Administration and Development, and Bantu Education|Minister of Native Affairs]] from 1910 to 1912, Minister of Railways and Harbours from 1912 to 1921, and [[Minister of Finance (South Africa)|Minister of Finance]] from 1915 to 1917 and from 1920 to 1924. In 1918, he attended the [[Imperial War Conference]] in London as a delegate; on his return, his ship [[SS ''Galway Castle'']] was torpedoed in the [[Bay of Biscay]], and he was rescued from one of the open boats.

Burton was sworn of the [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Imperial Privy Council]] in 1924. This gave him the style [[The Right Honourable]] and the [[postnominal letters]] 'P.C.' for the rest of his life.

In retirement, he was the vice-president of the Non-Racial Franchise Association, set up to protect the [[Cape Qualified Franchise]].

== Family ==

Burton was married to [[Helen Marie Burton|Helen Marie Kannemeyer]], one of the founders of [[Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden]]; they had nine children. A son was [[Flight Officer]] [[Percival Ross-Frames Burton]], RAF, who was killed when he [[rammed his plane]] into a German plane during the [[Battle of Britain]]. Another son, [[Flight Lieutenant]] [[William Westbrooke Burton]], RAF, was killed during a bombing raid on Cologne.

== References ==

* https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/henry-burton

((DEFAULTSORT:Burton, Henry))
[[Category:1866 births]]
[[Category:1935 deaths]]
[[Category:South African lawyers]]
[[Category:South African Queen's Counsel]]
[[Category:South African members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Cape Colony politicians]]
[[Category:South African politicians]]

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