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((Short description|German jazz trumpeter))
((for|the photographer|Henry Busse (photographer)))
((More citations needed|date=August 2015))
((Infobox musical artist 
| name                  = Henry Busse Sr.
| image                 = Henry Busse.jpg
| caption                = Henry Busse c. 1943
| image_size          = 200
| background         = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date           = ((birth date|1894|5|19))
| birth_place         = [[Magdeburg]], [[Germany]]
| death_date         = ((death date and age|1955|4|23|1894|5|19))
| death_place         = [[Memphis, Tennessee]]
| genre                   = [[Jazz]]
| occupation          = Musician
| instrument          = [[Trumpet]]
| years_active        = 
| label                    = 
| associated_acts  = [[Paul Whiteman]]
))

'''Henry Busse Sr.''' (May 19, 1894 &ndash; April 23, 1955) was a German-born [[jazz]] [[trumpeter]]. A 1948 review in ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine said that Busse had "a keen sense of musical commercialism".<ref>((cite magazine|last1=Zhito|first1=Lee|title=On the Stand|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LEUEAAAAMBAJ&q=Busse&pg=PA27|accessdate=7 March 2017|magazine=Billboard|date=May 22, 1948))</ref>

==Early life==
Born May 19, 1894, in [[Magdeburg]], [[Germany]],<ref name="tk">((cite book|last1=Yanow|first1=Scott|title=The Trumpet Kings: The Players who Shaped the Sound of Jazz Trumpet|date=2001|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|isbn=9780879306403|page=82|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTysFVY-i7UC&q=Busse&pg=PA82|accessdate=7 March 2017|language=en))</ref> to a generational German Band family, Henry Busse studied violin and then trumpet (after a finger he had broken was set incorrectly) under his Oompah Band leader uncle. In 1912, following numerous failed attempts, at age 18, Busse successfully ran away from the family farm outside of Magdeburg, [[Germany]], where he had been forced to play trumpet in his uncle's band. Henry initially "jumped ship" in [[New York City]], landing in the German ghettos there. Rousted by the  police for sleeping in Grand Central Station, unable to speak English, he found a job on a boat heading to [[California]]. He acquired some English on his trip. 1916 found Busse in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]] working as an extra in [[Keystone Cop]] films and playing trumpet in a movie theater [[pit band]].((Citation needed|date=March 2017))

(The ''American Big Bands'' reference book says, "When Henry Busse was a teenager, his family immigrated to the United States from Germany and settled in Ohio.")<ref name="abb">((cite book|last1=Lee|first1=William F.|title=American Big Bands|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|isbn=9780634080548|page=[https://archive.org/details/americanbigbands00leew/page/145 145]|url=https://archive.org/details/americanbigbands00leew|url-access=registration|quote=Busse.|accessdate=7 March 2017|language=en|year=2005))</ref>

==Career==
[[Image:Decca198.jpg|thumb|Busse's 1934 re-recording of "Wang Wang Blues", one of his earliest hits with [[Paul Whiteman]] in 1920. Busse was co-composer of this tune.]]
In 1917, Busse played the trumpet with the "Frisco "Jass" Band". He then formed his own band, [[Busse's Buzzards]] (which was the nucleus of the Paul Whiteman orchestra of the mid-1920s), featuring Henry Busse — they made four sides in total.

Scott Yanow wrote in ''Classic Jazz: Third Ear - the Essential Listening Companion'' that Busse "first joined Paul Whiteman's dance band in 1918, originally being co-leader before ceding the ensemble to the more charismatic Whiteman."<ref name="cj">((cite book|last1=Yanow|first1=Scott|title=Classic Jazz: Third Ear - the Essential Listening Companion|date=2001|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|isbn=9781617744860|pages=43–44|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e1SBuNFZolAC&q=Busse&pg=PA43|accessdate=8 March 2017|language=en))</ref>

Busse was the subject of discrimination because of his German accent, which caused concern among those living in post-[[World War I]] America.

At one point, eight out of the top ten sheet music sales spots belonged to the band. During his peak with them, Busse was earning $350 weekly, while fellow band member [[Bing Crosby]] was earning just $150. Busse co-composed several of the band's early hit songs, including "[[Hot Lips]]" and (with [[Gussie Mueller]]) "[[Wang Wang Blues]]". The latter sold over one million copies, and was awarded a [[music recording sales certification|gold disc]] in 1920.<ref name="The Book of Golden Discs">((cite book
| first= Joseph
| last= Murrells
| year= 1978
| title= The Book of Golden Discs
| edition= 2nd
| publisher= Barrie and Jenkins Ltd
| location= London
| page= [https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/11 11]
| isbn= 0-214-20512-6
| url= https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/11
))</ref>

Busse was concertmaster for the Whiteman Band when it toured Europe in the 1920s, and there discovered a song written by a German doctor - ((ill|Robert Katscher|de)). Back in the States, [[Buddy DeSylva]] penned new words and the song's name was changed to "When Day is Done"; it was a hit, and made Busse famous.

While with the [[Paul Whiteman Orchestra]], Henry Busse played alongside brothers [[Tommy Dorsey]] and [[Jimmy Dorsey]] (who later left to start their own separate bands). He played with [[Ray Bolger]] at the [[Chez Paree]], a night club owned by notorious gangster [[Al Capone]]; Busse ran the house band there and worked for Capone.

In 1928, after mastering the English language, Busse Sr. began Henry Busse and the Shuffle Rhythm Band, which enjoyed great success in the 1930s and '40s. A year later, Busse Sr. married Dorothy Drake, a former model and stage actress. Their only son, Henry Busse Jr., was born in 1931, and was three years old when his parents divorced. In 1935, Busse Sr. married Lorayne Brox, member of the [[Brox Sisters]] singing trio.

Busse stayed with Whiteman until 1928 when he left the band and formed his own group, ''The Henry Busse Orchestra''. This group was more of a sweet dance band than a jazz band and had a successful career.

[[File:Starlit Days at the Lido poster.jpg|thumb|''[[Starlit Days at the Lido]]'' Poster]]
Busse hit his peak in 1930-45, playing dance music before the war, and swing during the war. His music was often berated by ''[[Down Beat]]'' magazine, which called his a "sweet" or "Mickey Mouse" band. Busse and his band appeared in an MGM color movie in 1935 called ''[[Starlit Days at the Lido]]'',<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0SoIHyxrQM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211214/M0SoIHyxrQM |archive-date=2021-12-14 |url-status=live|title=Early three-strip Technicolor in HD -- Henry Busse and His Band -- Hot Lips -- Read Notes!|publisher=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=January 25, 2020))((cbignore))</ref> filmed at the [[Ambassador Hotel (Los Angeles)|Ambassador Hotel]], along with Clark Gable and MGM's stable of stars and in the movie ''[[Lady Let's Dance]]'',<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0037002/|title=Lady, Let's Dance|website=IMDb.com|accessdate=January 25, 2020))</ref> in which Busse had a speaking part.

==Marriage & annulment==
His personal life wound up in [[gossip columns]] when he partied one night with a woman at the Hotsy Totsy Club and woke up married. He sought an [[annulment]] and during the 18 months to unwind the legal tangle, he toured Europe and staved off arrest for non-payment of [[alimony]].<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/12631802/ The Daily Free Press from Carbondale, Illinois on January 8, 1926] "Henry Busse, co-composer of "Hot Lips" and "Wang Wang Blues," who is being sued for alimony," deposes that he had been drinking all night when he met Eleanore Lymann, a show girl, in the Hotsy Totsy Club and that he was intoxicated when he married her a few hours later".</ref>

==Themes==
Busse's opening theme was "[[Hot Lips]]". His closing theme was "When Day Is Done".<ref>((cite book|last1=Studwell|first1=William Emmett|last2=Baldin|first2=Mark|title=The Big Band Reader: Songs Favored by Swing Era Orchestras and Other Popular Ensembles|date=2000|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9780789009142|page=87|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iyJsVIs_L2sC&q=Busse&pg=PA87|accessdate=8 March 2017|language=en))</ref>

==Death==
Henry Busse and his Orchestra continued to record and perform up until his death in 1955. Busse died at an undertaker's convention at the [[Peabody Hotel]] in [[Memphis, Tennessee]], while he was playing with the Shuffle Rhythm Band.<ref name="The Book of Golden Discs"/> He was survived by Henry Busse Jr.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.mankatofreepress.com/news/local_news/life-remembered-busse-was-all-jazz-all-the-time/article_f44bfbb3-81da-5c79-b0c9-7fdb4d20da21.html|title=Life Remembered: Busse was all jazz all the time|first=Tim Krohn tkrohn@mankatofreepress comThe Mankato Free|last=Press|newspaper=[[Mankato Free Press]]|accessdate=January 25, 2020))</ref>

==Impact==
Aside from his close relationship with [[Bing Crosby]], he became friends with several notable people of that time, including [[Ray Bolger]], [[Al Jolson]], [[Ruby Keeler]], [[Irving Berlin]], [[George Raft]], [[Ginger Rogers]], and [[Edward G. Robinson]].

[[Al Hirt]] and [[Herb Alpert]] have remarked they were inspired by the trumpet solo work of Busse, particularly his rendition of "Rhapsody in Blue".

==References==
((Reflist))

== External links ==
((Commons category))
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20030924191946/http://nfo.net/usa/b10.html American big bands database]
*[https://syncopatedtimes.com/henry-busse-1894-1955/ Henry Busse (1894-1955)] Red Hot Jazz Archive
*((IMDb name|0124435))
* [https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/102986 Henry Busse recordings] at the [[Discography of American Historical Recordings]].
((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Busse, Henry))
[[Category:Sweet band musicians]]
[[Category:Big band bandleaders]]
[[Category:American jazz trumpeters]]
[[Category:American male trumpeters]]
[[Category:Emigrants from the German Empire to the United States]]
[[Category:Four Star Records artists]]
[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:1955 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century conductors (music)]]
[[Category:20th-century American musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century trumpeters]]
[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]
[[Category:American male jazz musicians]]
[[Category:RCA Victor artists]]
[[Category:Columbia Records artists]]
[[Category:Decca Records artists]]

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