Henry Jackson may refer to:

Military

• Henry Jackson (Continental Army general) (1747–1809), American colonial leader
• Henry R. Jackson (1820–1898), American Civil War general
• Henry Jackson (Royal Navy officer) (1855–1929), British First Sea Lord
• Henry Jackson (British Army officer) (1879–1972), British Army General
• USS Henry M. Jackson (SSBN-730), missile submarine

Politics

• Henry Jackson (Minnesota pioneer) (1811–1857), American pioneer and legislator
• Henry Jackson (surveyor) (1830–1906), New Zealand politician and surveyor
• Sir Henry Jackson, 2nd Baronet (1831–1881), British MP for Coventry
• Henry Jackson (colonial administrator) (1849–1908), British colonial administrator
• Sir Henry Jackson, 1st Baronet (1875–1937), British Conservative MP for Wandsworth Central
• Henry M. Jackson (1912–1983), known as Scoop, American politician
  • Henry Jackson Society, British conservative think tank

Sports

• Henry Jackson (football manager) (c. 1850–1930), English football secretary-manager and director
• Henry Jackson (baseball) (1861–1932), Major League Baseball player
• Henry Jackson (Australian footballer) (1877–1964), Australian rules footballer
• Henry Jackson (athlete), Jamaican Olympic long jumper
• Henry Melody Jackson Jr. aka Henry Armstrong (1912–1988), American boxer

Other

• Henry Jackson (priest) (1586–1662), English priest and literary editor
• Henry Melville Jackson (1840–1900), assistant bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Alabama
• Henry Jackson (classicist) (1839–1921), English classicist
• Henry L. Jackson (died 1948), American businessman, editor, and journalist
• Henry Jackson (businessman) (born 1964)
• Henry Jackson (1956–2014), rapper Big Bank Hank