Herbert Spencer
Born22 June 1924
London, England
Died11 March 2002
Falmouth
NationalityBritish
Known fortypography, photography

Herbert Spencer (22 June 1924 – 11 March 2002) was a British designer, editor, writer, photographer and teacher. He was born in London.[1][2]

Life and work

Spencer was an RAF cartographer during the Second World War. He taught typography at the Central School of Arts and Crafts from 1949 to 1955. In 1966 he became a senior research fellow in the print research department of the Royal College of Art; he was a professor of graphic arts there from 1978 until 1985.[3]

In 1949 Spencer founded Typographica, a design and visual arts journal. He was editor of all the thirty-two issues published, in two series of sixteen issues each, from 1949 until it closed in 1967. He also designed and wrote for it. Between 1964 and 1973 Spencer was also editor of The Penrose Annual.[1]

Road signs

The confusing 'Torch of Knowledge' school sign, pre-Worboys

Spencer wished to prove that British road signs were chaotic. He therefore photographed road signs and published the results in two photographic essays in Typographica in 1961. As a result, the Ministry of Transport set up the Worboys Committee in 1963 to devise a consistent system of signage for British road signs.[4]

Publications

Pioneers of Modern Typography was a book Spencer wrote in 1969. It drew on and re-used material previously published by Spencer in the journal Typographica, which had brought to Britain some of the typographical experiments and design history of continental Europe.[5] Lund Humphries described the book as follows:[6]

"Modern typography does not have its origins in the conventional printing industry. Its roots are entwined with those of twentieth-century painting, poetry and architecture, and it flowered quite suddenly and dramatically in the twenty years following the publication of Marinetti's Futurist manifesto in 1909."

References

  1. ^ a b Rick Poynor (15 March 2002). Herbert Spencer: Influential typographer with an aesthete's eye for avant-garde design. The Guardian. Archived 25 January 2014.
  2. ^ Ken Garland. (2002). Herbert Spencer. Eye 11 (44, Summer 2002). Archived 2 October 2002.
  3. ^ Overview: Herbert Spencer (1924–2002). From A Dictionary of Modern Design, cited at Oxford Index. Accessed January 2014.
  4. ^ Jock Kinneir + Margaret Calvert: Graphic Designers (1917–1994) + (1936–). Design Museum. Archived 8 July 2006.
  5. ^ Robin Kinross (Spring 1984). Review: Pioneers of Modern Typography by Herbert Spencer. Design Issues 1 (1): 89-91. (subscription required)
  6. ^ Pioneers of Modern Typography. Lund Humphries. Archived 26 January 2014.

Further reading

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