Hermance is first mentioned in 1247 as intra Armentia. In 1271 it was mentioned as Eremencia.[3]
Geography
Lake shore at Hermance
Hermance has an area, as of 2009[update], of 1.44 square kilometers (0.56 sq mi). Of this area, 0.83 km2 (0.32 sq mi) or 57.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.19 km2 (0.073 sq mi) or 13.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.42 km2 (0.16 sq mi) or 29.2% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km2 (4.9 acres) or 1.4% is either rivers or lakes.[4]
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 22.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.5%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.4% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.4%. Out of the forested land, 10.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 36.8% is used for growing crops and 5.6% is pastures, while 15.3% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.7% is in lakes and 0.7% is in rivers and streams.[4]
The municipality is located on the left bank of Lake Geneva.
The municipality of Hermance consists of the sub-sections or villages of Hermance - Rives-du-Lac, Le Bourg and La Croix-de-Bally.[5]
Demographics
Hermance town hallBakery and Cafe in the old town of Hermance
Hermance has a population (as of 31-12-2022[update]) of 1 139.[6] As of 2008[update], 28.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[7] Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 16.5%. It has changed at a rate of 20% due to migration and at a rate of -2% due to births and deaths.[8]
Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks French (643 or 78.8%), with English being second most common (73 or 8.9%) and German being third (36 or 4.4%). There are 14 people who speak Italian and 1 person who speaks Romansh.[9]
As of 2008[update], the gender distribution of the population was 49.8% male and 50.2% female. The population was made up of 321 Swiss men (34.0% of the population) and 149 (15.8%) non-Swiss men. There were 334 Swiss women (35.4%) and 140 (14.8%) non-Swiss women.[10] Of the population in the municipality 178 or about 21.8% were born in Hermance and lived there in 2000. There were 234 or 28.7% who were born in the same canton, while 124 or 15.2% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 254 or 31.1% were born outside of Switzerland.[9]
In 2008[update] there was 1 live birth to Swiss citizens and 3 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 12 deaths of Swiss citizens and 2 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 11 while the foreign population increased by 1. There was 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there was 1 non-Swiss man and 3 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 6 and the non-Swiss population increased by 17 people. This represents a population growth rate of 1.2%.[7]
The age distribution of the population (as of 2000[update]) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 27% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 57.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 15.2%.[8]
As of 2000[update], there were 336 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 384 married individuals, 48 widows or widowers and 48 individuals who are divorced.[9]
As of 2000[update], there were 312 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household.[8] There were 95 households that consist of only one person and 29 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 322 households that answered this question, 29.5% were households made up of just one person and there was 1 adult who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 75 married couples without children, 116 married couples with children There were 22 single parents with a child or children. There were 3 households that were made up of unrelated people and 10 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.[9]
In 2000[update] there were 210 single family homes (or 78.1% of the total) out of a total of 269 inhabited buildings. There were 24 multi-family buildings (8.9%), along with 27 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (10.0%) and 8 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (3.0%). Of the single family homes 85 were built before 1919, while 26 were built between 1990 and 2000.[11]
In 2000[update] there were 340 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 75. There were 22 single room apartments and 159 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 295 apartments (86.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 30 apartments (8.8%) were seasonally occupied and 15 apartments (4.4%) were empty.[11] As of 2009[update], the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.[8] The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010[update], was 0.26%.[8]
The historical population is given in the following chart:[3][12]
Notable people
Pierre-Joseph Ravel (1832–1908 in Hermance) a Swiss civil engineer and inventor, father of the composer Maurice Ravel, lived the last two years of his life in Hermance
Adriaan Pelt (1892 – 1981 in Hermance) a Dutch journalist, international civil servant and diplomat, most famous for drafting the post war constitution of Libya.
André Roch (1906 in Hermance – 2002) a mountaineer, avalanche researcher, skier, resort developer, engineer and author.
Bernard Vifian (1944 in Hermance – 2012) a Swiss racing cyclist, the Swiss National Road Race champion in 1969
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 19.65% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the LPS Party (18.81%), the Green Party (16.33%) and the FDP (12.46%). In the federal election, a total of 279 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 55.2%.[14]
In the 2009 Grand Conseil election, there were a total of 514 registered voters of which 236 (45.9%) voted. The most popular party in the municipality for this election was the Libéral with 24.5% of the ballots. In the canton-wide election they received the highest proportion of votes. The second most popular party was the Les Radicaux (with 12.7%), they were sixth in the canton-wide election, while the third most popular party was the Les Verts (with 12.7%), they were second in the canton-wide election.[15]
For the 2009 Conseil d'État election, there were a total of 514 registered voters of which 291 (56.6%) voted.[15]
In 2011, all the municipalities held local elections, and in Hermance there were 13 spots open on the municipal council. There were a total of 598 registered voters of which 389 (65.1%) voted. Out of the 389 votes, there were 2 blank votes, 2 null or unreadable votes and 54 votes with a name that was not on the list.[15]
Economy
As of 2010[update], Hermance had an unemployment rate of 4.2%. As of 2008[update], there were 9 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 12 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 5 businesses in this sector. 123 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 25 businesses in this sector.[8] There were 374 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.8% of the workforce.
In 2008[update] the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 118. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 6, of which 5 were in agriculture and 1 was in fishing or fisheries. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 11 of which 8 or (72.7%) were in manufacturing and 2 (18.2%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 101. In the tertiary sector; 9 or 8.9% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 3 or 3.0% were in the movement and storage of goods, 27 or 26.7% were in a hotel or restaurant, 3 or 3.0% were technical professionals or scientists, 5 or 5.0% were in education and 47 or 46.5% were in health care.[16]
In 2000[update], there were 81 workers who commuted into the municipality and 298 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 3.7 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 22.2% of the workforce coming into Hermance are coming from outside Switzerland.[17] Of the working population, 15% used public transportation to get to work, and 65.2% used a private car.[8]
Religion
Church in Hermance
From the 2000 census[update], 331 or 40.6% were Roman Catholic, while 198 or 24.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 10 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.23% of the population), there was 1 individual who belongs to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 13 individuals (or about 1.59% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 6 individuals (or about 0.74% of the population) who were Jewish, and 7 (or about 0.86% of the population) who were Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 202 (or about 24.75% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 46 individuals (or about 5.64% of the population) did not answer the question.[9]
Education
In Hermance about 213 or (26.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 254 or (31.1%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 254 who completed tertiary schooling, 39.0% were Swiss men, 33.1% were Swiss women, 14.6% were non-Swiss men and 13.4% were non-Swiss women.[9]
During the 2009–2010 school year there were a total of 219 students in the Hermance school system. The education system in the Canton of Geneva allows young children to attend two years of non-obligatory Kindergarten.[18] During that school year, there were 13 children who were in a pre-kindergarten class. The canton's school system provides two years of non-mandatory kindergarten and requires students to attend six years of primary school, with some of the children attending smaller, specialized classes. In Hermance there were 29 students in kindergarten or primary school and 2 students were in the special, smaller classes. The secondary school program consists of three lower, obligatory years of schooling, followed by three to five years of optional, advanced schools. There were 29 lower secondary students who attended school in Hermance. There were 40 upper secondary students from the municipality along with 7 students who were in a professional, non-university track program. An additional 44 students attended a private school.[19]
As of 2000[update], there were 5 students in Hermance who came from another municipality, while 94 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[17]
^"Kantonsliste A-Objekte". KGS Inventar (in German). Federal Office of Civil Protection. 2009. Archived from the original on 28 June 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
^Canton of Geneva Statistical Office Elèves résidant dans le canton de Genève, selon le niveau d'enseignement, par commune de domicile (in French) accessed 18 April 2011
