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((Short description|German businessman and Nazi war criminal (1881–1960)))
((Use dmy dates|date=May 2022))
((About|the German industrialist|the German entomologist|Hermann Schmitz (entomologist)))
((Refimprove|date=July 2009))
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-12460, Hermann Schmitz.jpg|thumb|right|Hermann Schmitz in 1931]]
[[File:Hermann Schmitz.jpg|thumb|Schmitz after his arrest by the [[U.S. Army]]]]

'''Hermann Schmitz''' (1 January 1881 – 8 October 1960) was a German industrialist and [[Nazi]] [[war criminal]]. [[CEO]] of [[IG Farben]] from 1935 to 1945, he was sentenced to four years in prison in the [[IG Farben Trial]].

==Biography==
Schmitz was born in [[Essen]] on 1 January 1881, son of factory worker Diedrich Schmitz and Luise Wöhrmann. In 1898 he began studying at ''Ahrenbergische Aktiengesellschaft für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb'' in Hessen, and in 1905 he entered the Commerce College in [[Nuremberg]]. After completing his studies, he was hired by ''Metallurgische Gesellschaft'' (metallurgy company), where after some time he became consultant of Wilhelm Merton, member of the supervisors' council of the company, who helped Schmitz promote his career.

In 1914 he was required to serve in the army. He was injured during the [[First World War]] and, after recovering from his injuries, he was made Reich's supervisor for chemical products production in the [[matériel]] department (1915).

In 1919, as an expert in fertilizers and nitric salts, he took part in the assembly that negotiated the [[Treaty of Versailles]]. There he met [[Carl Bosch]], a chemist of worldwide fame. In July 1919 Schmitz was hired at [[BASF]] by Bosch as his financial advisor. He was promoted to administrator of BASF's exterior department, a position he maintained after the company became part of [[IG Farben]]. As per his job requirements he maintained contacts with large businesses, such as [[Standard Oil]], with which he took part in negotiations, always having the support of that era's governments in the interests of IG Farben.

== War crimes ==
In 1933, he was elected to the [[Reichstag (Weimar Republic)|Reichstag]] under the administration of the [[NSDAP|Nazi Party]] and after two years, he succeeded [[Carl Bosch]] as IG Farben's CEO. In 1938, he became a war economy leader (''[[Wehrwirtschaftsführer]]''). In 1941, [[Hitler]] gave him a portrait of him with his autograph as a gift for his dedication to the aims of [[Nazi Germany]]. Schmitz led IG Farben until the end of the [[Second World War]]. He was arrested and charged at the [[IG Farben Trial]], during which he was sentenced to four years imprisonment (including time already served) for war crimes and [[crimes against humanity]] through the plundering and spoliation of occupied territories. He was released in 1950 and went on to become member of the administrators' council of [[Deutsche Bank]] in [[Berlin]], as well as the honorary president of "Rheinische Stahlwerke AG".<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.wollheim-memorial.de/en/hermann_schmitz_18811960 |title=Hermann Schmitz (1881–1960) |series=Biographies of Key Executives of I.G. Farben |publisher=Wollheim Memorial))</ref>

Schmitz died in [[Heidelberg]] on 8 October 1960.

== Sources ==
* [http://www.wollheim-memorial.de/en/hermann_schmitz_18811960 Wollheim Memorial]
* [http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/WarCrime31.html Jewish Virtual Library]
* [http://www.profit-over-life.org/main.html Online Academy: Profit over life]
* ((cite book |title= The Crime and Punishment of I.G. Farben |url= https://archive.org/details/crimepunishmento0000bork |url-access= registration |author= Borkin, Joseph |date= 1 June 1978 |publisher= Free Press |pages= [https://archive.org/details/crimepunishmento0000bork/page/250 250]  |isbn= 978-0-02-904630-2))
*Higham, Charles (1983) Trading with the Enemy; An exposé of the Nazi – American Money Plot 1933–1949. Robert Hale, London. Chapter 8 'The Film Conspiracy' ((ISBN|0 7090 10230))

== References ==
((reflist))

== External links ==
* ((PM20|FID=pe/015724))

((IG Farben))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Schmitz, Hermann))
[[Category:1881 births]]
[[Category:1960 deaths]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Essen]]
[[Category:20th-century German businesspeople]]
[[Category:IG Farben people]]
[[Category:Nazis convicted of war crimes]]
[[Category:German industrialists]]
[[Category:German chemical industry people]]
[[Category:German Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:German people convicted of crimes against humanity]]
[[Category:People convicted by the United States Nuremberg Military Tribunals]]
[[Category:Members of the Reichstag of Nazi Germany]]

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