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((short description|Overview of the high-speed rail system in Germany))
[[File:ICE Network.png|thumb|300px|The InterCityExpress (ICE) network map in Germany (maximum speed limit): 
((legend|#C20000|New lines, 300 km/h (186 mph)))
((legend|#C28800|New and upgraded lines, 250–280 km/h (155–174 mph)))
((legend|#000080|Upgraded lines, 200–230 km/h (124–143 mph)))
((legend|#888888|Conventional lines (selected), 160 km/h (100 mph)))]]
Construction of the first '''high-speed rail in Germany''' began shortly after that of the [[France|French]] [[TGV|LGV]]s (''lignes à grande vitesse'', high-speed lines). However, legal battles caused significant  delays, so that the German [[Intercity-Express]] (ICE) trains were deployed ten years after the [[TGV]] network was established.  Germany has around 1,658 kilometers (1,030 miles) of high speed lines.<ref>((cite web |title=Europe’s High-Speed Rail Leaders |url=https://www.theglobalist.com/high-speed-rail-transport-europe |website=The Globalist |access-date=5 October 2023))</ref>

==InterCityExpress==
((main article|Intercity-Express))
The first regularly scheduled ICE trains ran on 2 June 1991 from Hamburg-Altona via Hamburg Hbf – Hannover Hbf – Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe – Fulda – Frankfurt Hbf – Mannheim Hbf and Stuttgart Hbf toward München Hbf on the new ICE line 6. The ICE network is more tightly integrated with pre-existing lines and trains as a result of the different settlement structure in Germany,((clarify|date=August 2014)) which has almost twice the population density of France. ICE trains reached destinations in [[Austria]] and [[Switzerland]] soon after they entered service, taking advantage of the same voltage used in these countries. Starting in 2000, multisystem third-generation ICE trains entered the [[Netherlands]] and [[Belgium]]. The third generation of the ICE has a service speed of ((Cvt|330|km/h|4=0)) and has reached speeds up to ((Cvt|363|km/h|4=0)).

Admission of ICE trains onto French LGVs was applied for in 2001, and trial runs completed in 2005. Since June 2007, ICEs service Paris from Frankfurt and Saarbrücken via the [[LGV Est]].

Unlike the [[Shinkansen]] in Japan, Germany has experienced a fatal accident on a high-speed service. In the [[Eschede train disaster]] of 1998, a first generation ICE experienced catastrophic wheel failure while travelling at ((Cvt|200|km/h|4=0)) near [[Eschede]], following complaints of excessive vibration. Of 287 passengers aboard, 101 people died and 88 were injured in the resulting derailment, which was made worse by the train colliding with a road bridge and causing it to collapse. The accident was the result of faulty wheel design and, following the crash, all ICE wheels of that design were redesigned and replaced.

==International operators==

[[Thalys]] trains began running in Germany in 1997, from the Belgian [[HSL 3]] to [[Aachen]] and [[Cologne]] using the [[Cologne–Aachen high-speed railway]]. [[TGV POS]] trains began running in Germany in 2007, to [[Karlsruhe]] and [[Stuttgart]] using the [[Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway|Mannheim–Stuttgart]] and [[Karlsruhe–Basel high-speed railway|Karlsruhe–Basel]] high-speed lines. Swiss [[Swiss Federal Railways|SBB]] high-speed services using the [[New Pendolino]] from Frankfurt to Milan on the Karlsruhe–Basel line started in 2017.<ref>((cite news|url=https://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article169700538/Warum-die-Bahn-jetzt-einen-ECE-auf-die-Gleise-schickt.html|title=Warum Deutsche Bahn jetzt einen ECE auf dem Gleise schickt|date=17 October 2017|access-date=26 October 2017|language=de|first=Nikolaus|last=Doll|publisher=Die Welt))</ref>

==Transrapid==
Germany has developed the [[Transrapid]], a [[maglev]] train system. The Transrapid reaches speeds up to ((Cvt|550|km/h|4=0)). The [[Emsland test facility]], with a total length of ((convert|31.5|km|abbr=on)), operated until 2011 when it was closed and in 2012 its demolition was approved.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.ndr.de/regional/niedersachsen/emsland/transrapid295.html|title=Transrapid-Teststrecke vor dem Abriss, NDR (in German)))</ref> In China, [[Shanghai Maglev Train]], a  [[Magnetic levitation train|maglev]] based on [[Transrapid]] technology built in collaboration with [[Siemens]] has been operational since March 2004.

==List of high-speed lines==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Line
!Operating speed (max)
!Length
!Construction
began
!Construction completed<br>or expected start of revenue services
|-
|[[Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway]]
| rowspan="2" |((ubl|class=nowrap|Normal:|((Convert|250|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5)) |If delay:|((Convert|280|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5)) ))
|((Cvt|327|km|4=0))
|1973
|1991
|-
|[[Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway]]
|((Cvt|99|km|4=0))
|1976
|1991
|-
|[[Hanover–Berlin high-speed railway]]
|((ubl|class=|Majority:|((Convert|250|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5))|Parts of the line:|((Convert|300|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=10))<br>or ((Convert|200|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5))))
|((Cvt|258|km|4=0))
|1992
|1998
|-
|[[Cologne–Frankfurt high-speed rail line]]
|((ubl|class=nowrap|Majority:|((Convert|300|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=10))|Parts of the line:|((Convert|200|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5))))
|((Cvt|180|km|4=0))
|1995
|2002
|-
|[[Cologne–Aachen high-speed railway]]
|((convert|250|km/h|4=0|abbr=on))
|((Cvt|70|km|4=0))
|1997
|2002
|-
|[[Nuremberg–Munich high-speed railway]]
| rowspan="2" |((convert|300|km/h|abbr=on|round=10))
|((Cvt|171|km|4=0))
|1998
|2006–2013
|-
|[[Nuremberg–Erfurt high-speed railway]]
|((Cvt|191|km|4=0))
|1996
|2017
|-
|[[Erfurt–Leipzig/Halle high-speed railway]]
|((ubl|class=nowrap|Majority:|((Convert|300|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=10))|Parts of the line:|((Convert|200|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5))))
|((Cvt|121|km|4=0))
|1987
|2015
|-
|[[Karlsruhe–Basel high-speed railway]]
| rowspan="3" |((convert|250|km/h|4=0|abbr=on))
|((Cvt|182|km|4=0))
|1987
|1993–2031
|-
|[[Stuttgart–Wendlingen high-speed railway]]
|((Cvt|25|km|4=0))
|2012
|2025 (expected)
|-
|[[Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed railway]]
|((Cvt|60|km|4=0))
|2012
|2022
|}

[[File:Dunkeltalbrücke-2018-02.jpg|thumb|290px|Third generation ICE running on the [[Nuremberg–Erfurt high-speed railway]]]]
[[File:Bartelsgrabentalbruecke.jpg|thumb|290px|Bartelsgrabentalbrücke of the [[Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway]]]]

===Upgraded line===
* [[Cologne–Aachen high-speed railway]] (upgraded line, 250&nbsp;km/h)

===Partially new line===
Part of these routes are new constructions that run along or close to the existing, or previous, route:
* [[Hanover–Berlin high-speed railway]] (partially new line, 250&nbsp;km/h on the new section, 160 and 200&nbsp;km/h on the existing sections)
* [[Nuremberg–Erfurt high-speed railway]] (partially new line, 300&nbsp;km/h)

===Fully new line===
Completely new construction projects:
* [[Cologne–Frankfurt high-speed rail line]] (new line, 300&nbsp;km/h)
* [[Hanover–Würzburg high-speed railway]] (new line, 280&nbsp;km/h)
* [[Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway]] (new line, 280&nbsp;km/h)
* [[Erfurt–Leipzig/Halle high-speed railway]] (new line, 300&nbsp;km/h)
* [[Nuremberg-Ingolstadt high-speed railway]] (new line, 300&nbsp;km/h)
* [[Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed railway]] (new line, 250&nbsp;km/h)

===Lines not yet completed===
* [[Karlsruhe–Basel high-speed railway]] (new line, 250&nbsp;km/h, incomplete, sections under construction)
* [[Stuttgart–Wendlingen high-speed railway]] (new line, 250&nbsp;km/h, under construction)
* [[Vogelfluglinie]] (partially new line, partially being upgraded)
** [[Lübeck–Hamburg railway]] (German part of Vogelfluglinie, to be upgraded to reach 200 km/h)
** [[Lübeck–Puttgarden railway]] (German part of Vogelfluglinie, to be electrified<ref>((Cite news |url=https://www.railjournal.com/rolling-stock/danish-parliament-approves-dkr-11bn-rolling-stock-purchase/ |title=Danish parliament approves DKr 11bn rolling stock purchase |author=Denis Bowers |work=International Railway Journal |date=15 June 2018 |access-date=26 June 2020))</ref> to reach 200 km/h up from the current 160 km/h,<ref>((Cite news |url=https://taz.de/Transeuropaeisches-Verkehrsprojekt/!5690024/ |title=Klatsche für Fehmarnbelt-Querung |author=Gernot Knödler |work=[[Die Tageszeitung]] |date=18 June 2020 |access-date=26 June 2020 |language=de))</ref> under construction)
** [[Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link]] (tunnel part, will replace the [[Scandlines|Rødby–Puttgarden ferry]], 200 km/h, under construction, completion expected in 2028)<ref>((Cite news |url=https://www.railjournal.com/infrastructure/fehmarnbelt-fixed-link-rail-consultancy-contract-awarded/ |title=Fehmarnbelt Fixed Link rail consultancy contract awarded |author=David Burroughs |work=[[International Railway Journal]] |date=7 February 2020 |access-date=26 June 2020))</ref>
** [[Sydbanen]] (Danish part, new tracks to be laid by 2021, to be electrified to reach 200 km/h by 2024, under construction)<ref>((Cite web |url=https://www.bane.dk/Borger/Baneprojekter/Ringsted_Femern-Banen/Tidsplan |title=Faser i arbejdet |publisher=[[Banedanmark]] |date=22 May 2017 |access-date=26 June 2020 |language=da))</ref>
** [[Copenhagen–Ringsted Line]] (Danish part, opened on 31 May 2019, currently operating at 180 km/h, upgrading to 250 km/h in 2023)

===Lines planned===
* [[Frankfurt–Mannheim high-speed railway]] (new line, 300&nbsp;km/h, in planning)
* [[Hanau-Gelnhausen high-speed railway]] (new line, 300&nbsp;km/h, in planning)
* [[Hanover-Bielefeld high-speed railway]] (new line, 300&nbsp;km/h, in planning)
* [[Bielefeld-Hamm high-speed railway]] (upgraded line, 300&nbsp;km/h, in planning)<ref>((Cite web |url=https://www.deutschlandtakt.de/blog/infrastrukturliste-so-rechnet-sich-der-deutschlandtakt/ |title=Infrastrukturliste Deutschlandtakt |publisher=[[Deutsche Bahn]] |access-date=27 March 2022 |language=de))</ref>
* [[Nuremberg-Würzburg high-speed railway]] (new line, 300&nbsp;km/h, in planning)
* [[Hanover-Hamburg high-speed railway]]/[[Hanover-Bremen high-speed railway]] (Y-shaped, partially new line, 160 and 300&nbsp;km/h on new sections, 160&nbsp;km/h on an existing section, in planning)
* [[Ulm-Augsburg high-speed railway]] (new line, 250&nbsp;km/h, in planning)<ref>((Cite web |url=https://www.ulm-augsburg.de/ |title=Bahnprojekt Ulm-Augsburg |publisher=[[Deutsche Bahn]] |access-date=27 March 2022 |language=de))</ref>
* [[Gelnhausen-Fulda high-speed rail]]  (new line, 250&nbsp;km/h, in planning)

==Travel times==
((ICE travel times))

==References==
((Wikivoyage|Rail travel in Germany))
((Reflist))

((High-speed rail))
((High-speed railway lines))
((DEFAULTSORT:High-Speed Rail In Germany))
[[Category:High-speed rail in Germany| ]]

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