Highgate Hill is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of the Brisbane CBD on the Brisbane River, and approximately 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) east of Hill End. The topography of the suburb is undulating hills, the highest being the hill (27°29′13″S153°01′00″E / 27.4870°S 153.01667°E / -27.4870; 153.01667 (Highgate Hill (mountain))) also called Highgate Hill at 64 metres (210 ft) above sea level. Together with West End and South Brisbane, it occupies a peninsula surrounded on three sides by the Brisbane River. From the central ridge occupied by Dornoch Terrace, land slopes steeply down towards the river to the south and north towards low-lying land of the two adjacent suburbs. To the east, further hilly land extends past Gladstone Road.[4]
Highgate Hill is a high-density residential suburb with many apartment buildings, some more than 10 storeys. These apartment blocks are centred along the main road of Dornoch Terrace, a trend that was started in 1960 by the landmark Torbreck building.[5] Proximity to and views of the Brisbane central business district have drawn residents to the area.
History
Real estate map of Stephens Paddock Estate (first section), Highgate Hill, 1890View of Highgate Hill c.1902
Before British settlement, the Highgate Hill area was a hunting ground for indigenous people from nearby camping grounds, such as the one at the base of Highgate Hill. Up until the late 1850s this camp, near Dorchester Street and Somerville House School, continued to be used. A corroboree ground was located at "the pineapple paddock" in Baynes Street. The name of the Highgate Hill area in the Turrbal or Jagara language was Beenung-urrung which meant frilled lizard.[6]
The banks of the Brisbane River were described as a tropic wall of tall figs, emergent hoop pine, vines, flowering creepers, staghorns, elkhorns, towering scrub palms, giant ferns, and hundreds of other varieties of ferns, beautiful and rare orchids, and wild passion flower. Remnants of this vegetation exist in a number gullies in Highgate Hill leading to the river.[7]
In convict times, saw pits existed in the area along the river between Dauphin Terrace and Boundary Street. Convicts felled timber on Highgate Hill for use in the fledgling town of Brisbane.[8]
Among the first European residents was George Wilson and his wife and family of 8 who built a homestead in Bellevue Street in the 1860s. He is thought to have named the locality Highgate Hill (possibly after Highgate Hill in London),[3] however the name first appears in an advertisement for a land sale in 1864 by Nehemiah Bartley of the "Highgate Hill Estate" located at the peak of the hill.[9][10][11] The large portions of land from early land sales were slowly subdivided into residential blocks, and advertisements mentioned the notable residents of the area to emphasise its attractiveness.[12] However the lack of water proved to be an obstacle to significant take up. Water had to be collected in rain water tanks when possible or fetched from springs in the West End area. This problem was solved by the completion in 1889 of the Highgate Hill Service Reservoir near the corner of Dornoch Terrace and Gladstone Road. The reservoir is still in use today[8][13]
In 1902, the electric tram was extended up Gladstone Road, stimulating suburban growth.[9] By 1929 the area was considered one of Brisbane's dress circles.[8]
Highgate Hill, a mix of old and new, 2017
The density of the suburb began to increase with redevelopment and the building of flats during the interwar years. Westbourne Street provides a good example of the redevelopment of large properties in this period.[14]
On 10 December 1949, the foundation stone of the Park Presbyterian Church was laid at 21 Hampstead Road (27°28′58″S153°00′58″E / 27.4827°S 153.0160°E / -27.4827; 153.0160 (Park Street Presbyterian/Uniting Church, Highgate Hill)). The congregation had previously had their church at 31 Glenelg Street on the corner of Cordelia Street in South Brisbane but the changing demographic of South Brisbane into an industrial area saw families move away to more residential suburbs and so the decision was made to build a new church in the more residential suburb of Highgate Hill. The name "Park" was carried over from the previous church which had been located opposite Musgrave Park.[15][16] When the Presbyterian church entered into the union that created the Uniting Church in Australia in the 1970s, this resulted in an oversupply of church buildings in many communities. In September 1976 the Park Presbyterian church became the Park Uniting Church for the Brisbane Tongan congregation.[17]
Development continued after the Second World War with the notable construction of the 22-floor Torbreck, Brisbane's first apartment tower, on Dornoch Terrace in 1962.[9][18]
Continued development has led to community protest at times. In 2002, there was an extended protest over the development of two hectares of bushland, known as the Gully, when a developer obtained a permit for nearly 30 dwellings to be built on it.[9] In 2016, there was community protest over the demolition of three heritage houses in Jones Street which had not been given heritage listing by the Brisbane City Council.[19]
Demographics
In the 2011 census, Highgate Hill recorded a population of 5,824 people, 48.7% female and 51.3% male.[20] The median age of the Highgate Hill population was 34 years of age, 3 years below the Australian median. 59.2% of people living in Highgate Hill were born in Australia, compared to the national average of 69.8%; the next most common countries of birth were England 3.9%, Greece 3.8%, New Zealand 3%, China 1.8%, India 1.7%. 66.3% of people spoke only English at home; the next most common languages were 7.9% Greek, 2.5% Mandarin, 1.7% Vietnamese, 1.6% Spanish, 1% French.[20]
In the 2016 census, Highgate Hill had a population of 6,194 people.[1]
Transport
The view down Dornoch Terrace in 1902 showing development along the ridge and near the river
Highgate Hill is regularly serviced by a number of bus routes operated by the Brisbane City Council. All residents live within walking distance to public transport, with 4.4% using public transport to commute to work or school.[21]
Highgate Hill is served by a number of schools in nearby suburbs, including West End State School (1875), Dutton Park State School (1884) St. Ita's Primary School in Dutton Park and Brisbane State High School, South Brisbane.
There has been some concern about the availability of sufficient school places following the rapid development in the area.[22] In June 2017, the Queensland Government announced plans for the building of a new high school and expansion of the West End State School.[23]
At the highest point of Highgate Hill is a small park which boasts excellent views of the city and surrounding hills. It's particularly popular during summer due to the cool breezes.[28]
Lyons Playground Park, also known as Paradise Park, is a well equipped small park that also has a community garden.[29]
The Brydon Street park leads into a gully down to the river and is what remains of the bushland that was subject to protest in 2002.[30][9]
Highgate Hill in literature and art
The 1994 novel for children, ''The Highgate Hill Mob'' relates the escapades of four kids who live in the suburb of Highgate Hill.[31]
The artist Stephen Nothling lived in Louise Street, Highgate Hill and painted a series of pictures depicting houses in the street.[32]
The poet Robert Hughes lived in Jones Street. He wrote his book "Highgate Hill" based on this experience.[33]
Heritage listings
Entrance to the Kinauld residence on Dornoch Terrace, 2015
Highgate Hill has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
^ abc"Highgate Hill". The Sunday Mail. 22 November 1930. p. 26. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
^ abcde"Highgate Hill". Queensland Places. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
^"Advertising". The Queensland Figaro. 17 October 1885. p. 14. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
^Fairbairn, John, 1945- (1994), The Highgate Hill mob / John Fairbairn, University of Queensland Press((citation)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^"BILL HAYDEN THE MAN WHO WANTS TO BE PM". The Australian Women's Weekly. 1 October 1980. p. 40. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
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