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((short description|Embroidery stitch worked to look the same from both sides))
((More citations needed|date=March 2023))
[[Image:Jane-blkwk-cuff-small.jpg|right|thumb|147px|Blackwork embroidery in Holbein stitch.  Detail of portrait of [[Jane Seymour]] by [[Hans Holbein the Younger]], 1537.]]

'''Holbein stitch''' is a simple, reversible line [[embroidery]] stitch most commonly used in [[Blackwork embroidery]] and [[Assisi embroidery]]. The stitch is named after [[Hans Holbein the Younger]] (1497-1543), a 16th-century portrait painter best known for his paintings of [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] and his children, almost all of whom are depicted wearing clothing decorated with blackwork embroidery. 

Although superficially similar to [[Backstitch|Back Stitch]] the Holbein stitch produces a smoother line and a pattern that is identical on both sides of the fabric. It can be worked in straight lines, diagonally, or in a stepped fashion to make a zigzag line and is well suited to creating outlines or intricate filling patterns.

Holbein stitch is also known as ''double running stitch'', ''line stitch'', ''Spanish stitch'', ''Chiara stitch'' and ''two-sided line stitch''.

==Description of the technique==

Holbein stitch is usually worked on an [[even-weave]] fabric where the threads can be counted to ensure perfect regularity and is worked in two stages. Firstly,  a row of evenly spaced [[running stitch]]es is worked along the line to be covered. Then the return journey is completed, filling in the spaces between  stitches made on the first journey and sharing the same holes:<br>
[[Image:Holbeinstitch.gif|centre|frame|Stitch diagram for working Holbein stitch]]

==Modern Holbein techniques==
In recent years Holbein stitch has become fashionable again, along with modern blackwork and modern Assisi embroidery. Formality has given way to a more light-hearted approach, and motifs include cute cats and other cartoon-style animals. Classic map samplers and chessboard designs have also been updated, and the use of colours is much more imaginative and daring.

==Photo gallery==
<gallery>
Image:BlackworkCat.jpg| Cat in Holbein stitch and cross stitch
Image:BlackworkChessboard.jpg|Modern chessboard in Holbein stitch
Image:BlackworkMap Derbyshire.jpg|Modern Holbein-stitched map of Derbyshire
Image:BlackworkSampler.jpg|Collection of motifs in Holbein stitch and metal thread
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Assisi embroidery]]
* [[Blackwork embroidery]]
* [[Counted-thread embroidery]]
* [[Embroidery stitch]]es

==References==
* Eaton, Jan. ''Mary Thomas's Dictionary of Embroidery Stitches'', Revised by Jan Eaton. London: Hodder&Stoughton, 1989. ((ISBN|0-340-51075-7))

((embroidery))

[[Category:Embroidery stitches]]

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