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((Short description|Provincial heritage site in Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa))
((EngvarB|date=July 2016))
((Use dmy dates|date=July 2016))
((More citations needed|date=July 2009))
((Infobox Monument
|monument_name=Horse Memorial
|native_name  =
|image        =Horse_Memorial-002.jpg
|caption      =
|location     =[[Port Elizabeth]], Eastern Cape, South Africa
|designer     =[[Joseph Whitehead (sculptor)|Joseph Whitehead]]
|type         =
|material     =
|length       =
|width        =
|height       =
|begin        =
|complete     =
|open         =1905
|dedicated_to =Horses in the [[Second Boer War]]
|map_image    =
|map_caption  =
|map_width    =
|coordinates  =((Coord|33.9622|S|25.6094|E|region:ZA-GT_type:landmark|display=inline,title))
|lat          =
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|extra        =))
The '''Horse Memorial''' is a [[provincial heritage site (South Africa)|provincial heritage site]] in [[Port Elizabeth]] in the [[Eastern Cape]] province of South Africa,<ref name="sahra">((cite web|url=http://www.sahra.org.za/node/31989|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150406172052/http://www.sahra.org.za/node/31989|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 April 2015|title=Horse Memorial|publisher=[[South African Heritage Resources Agency]]|accessdate=16 July 2009))</ref> in memory of the horses that served and died during the [[Second Boer War]], where Britain brought a large number of horses to South Africa. Designed by [[Joseph Whitehead (sculptor)|Joseph Whitehead]], the life-sized bronze memorial features a kneeling soldier presenting a bucket of water to a [[Military horse|service horse]].

==History==
[[File:Horses on board ship - a guide to their management-page69.jpg|thumb|right|A horse bound for the front is offloaded at Port Elizabeth during the [[Second Boer War]]]]
During the [[Second Boer War]], Britain brought a large number of horses to South Africa; it is estimated that the total cost of all the horses acquired for the war was around ((Currency|7000000|POUND)).<ref name="rose-133">((cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/loversofhorsebri00roseuoft|title=Lovers of the horse : brief sketches of men and women of the Dominion of Canada devoted to the noblest of animals|last=Rose|first=George Maclean|publisher=Hunter, Rose Company|year=1909|location=Toronto|pages=[https://archive.org/details/loversofhorsebri00roseuoft/page/133 133]))</ref> More than 300,000 horses died in British service in South Africa.<ref name="horses-viii">((cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/horsesprs00poco|title=Horses|last=Pocock|first=Roger S.|publisher=J. Murray|year=1917|location=London|pages=viii (n11)|accessdate=6 August 2009))</ref>

One of the principal reasons for Port Elizabeth taking such an interest in the movement, which started in 1901, was the fact that most of the horses brought to this country were landed there.<ref>((cite news|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn94056446/1904-10-21/ed-1/seq-12/|title=Horses to have monument|date=28 October 1904|publisher=[[Falls City Tribune]]|pages=12|accessdate=4 September 2009|archive-date=16 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716022846/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn94056446/1904-10-21/ed-1/seq-12/|url-status=live))</ref> The horses were shipped from all over the world, including 50,000 from the United States and 35,000 from Australia.<ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NeArawvd2RIC&pg=PA25|title=Neutral Rights and Obligations in the Anglo-Boer War|author=Robert Granville|publisher=BiblioBazaar, LLC|year=2006|isbn=1-4264-6126-7 ))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.bwm.org.au/Press/dedication_release.pdf|title=National Boer War Memorial Site Dedication|publisher=The Australian Boer War Memorial|date=9 June 2008|accessdate=6 August 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828120538/http://www.bwm.org.au/Press/dedication_release.pdf|archivedate=28 August 2008|df=dmy-all))</ref>

A ladies committee was formed with Mrs Harriet Meyer as president and £800 was collected for Messrs Whitehead and Sons, of Kennington and Westminster, to erect the statue.<ref name="markman">((cite web|url=http://www.stgeorgespark.nmmu.ac.za/content/thepark/displayarticle.asp?artid=thepark_010|title=The Horse Memorial|last=Markman|first=Ivor|accessdate=27 November 2009|archive-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206111148/http://www.stgeorgespark.nmmu.ac.za/content/thepark/displayarticle.asp?artid=thepark_010|url-status=dead))</ref> The statue was originally located close to the junction of Park Drive and Rink Street, next to [[St George's Park, Port Elizabeth|St George's Park]], but was moved to its present position in Cape Road in the 1950s.<ref name="markman"/> The Mayor said in his unveiling speech:((quote|The unveiling of this monument marks the completion of what has been an arduous undertaking on the part of those ladies with whom the idea of raising a monument to the horses originated.<br>To raise a monument to the "brutes" that perish is considered by many to be misplaced sentiment, while some are inclined to think with Louis Wain "that all animals have their season of happiness in a hereafter before their final effacement, as a reward for the trials they undergo in life, while under the dominion of man."|Alexander Fettes, Mayor of Port Elizabeth))

==Design==
((Unreferenced section|date=May 2018))

The horse stands ((Hands|16.2)), and the figure of the soldier is life size. In addition to the memorial proper, there is a [[Watering trough|drinking trough]] for horses and cattle, and the wants of the thirsty wayfarer are also provided for. The design as a whole is an object lesson in kindness, and may appeal to the cruel or careless driver, and teach him that there are some who do not think it beneath them to attend to the wants of animals placed under their charge.

The memorial was described in the [[Government Gazette of South Africa|Government Gazette]] as((quote|This memorial, designed by [[Joseph Whitehead (sculptor)|Joseph Whitehead]] and cast in bronze by Cox and Company, Thames Ditton Works in Surrey, was unveiled on 11 February 1905 by the Mayor of Port Elizabeth, Mr Alexander Fettes. The monument commemorates the horses that suffered and died during the Anglo-boer War (1899–1902). ...consisting of life-sized bronze figures of a horse about to quench its thirst from a bucket held by a kneeling soldier, together with the inscribed granite plinth on which it stands and the base of which incorporates a drinking trough.))The inscription on the base reads:((quote box|align=center|bgcolor=lightgrey|quote=THE GREATNESS OF A NATION<BR>CONSISTS NOT SO MUCH IN THE NUMBER OF ITS PEOPLE<BR>OR THE EXTENT OF ITS TERRITORY<BR>AS IN THE EXTENT AND JUSTICE OF ITS COMPASSION<BR><BR>ERECTED BY PUBLIC SUBSCRIPTION<BR>IN RECOGNITION OF THE SERVICES OF THE GALLANT ANIMALS<br>WHICH PERISHED IN THE ANGLO BOER WAR 1899–1902))

== Vandalism ==
On 6 April 2015, the memorial was vandalised by a group of men associated with the [[far left politics|far left]] [[Economic Freedom Fighters]].<ref name="vandilism">((cite web | url=http://www.heraldlive.co.za/eff-members-dismantled-horse-memorial/ | title=EFF members dismantles Horse Memorial | publisher=Port Elizabeth Herald | date=6 April 2015 | accessdate=7 April 2015 | author=Dorette De Swart | url-status=dead| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150410011602/http://www.heraldlive.co.za/eff-members-dismantled-horse-memorial/ | archivedate=10 April 2015 | df=dmy-all ))</ref> The monument was one of a number of colonial era statues and memorials vandalised after the spread of the [[Rhodes Must Fall]] campaign, in March 2015, which aimed to move a statue of [[Cecil John Rhodes]] from the [[University of Cape Town]].

== See also ==
* [[Second Boer War#Horses|Horses in the Second Boer War]]
* [[Horses in warfare]]
* [[Cavalry]]
* [[Joseph Whitehead (sculptor)|Joseph Whitehead]]

== References ==
((reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category))
*[http://www.lighthorse.org.au/resources/military-stories-boer/horses-in-the-boer-war Horses in the Boer War]

[[Category:Second Boer War memorials in South Africa]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Port Elizabeth]]
[[Category:Warhorses]]
[[Category:South African heritage sites]]
[[Category:Vandalized works of art]]

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