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((Short description|Chilean countryman and skilled horseman))
((Refimprove|date=December 2014))
((for|the Chilean Thoroughbred horse of the same name|Huaso (horse)))
[[Image:Gauchowheat edit2.jpg|thumb|Huaso in a [[Chile]]an [[wheat]] field, 1940]]
[[Image:ElHuasoYLaLavandera.jpg|thumb|"The Huaso and the Washerwoman" by [[Mauricio Rugendas]] (1835).]]
[[File:Chilean Husao Spurs.jpg|thumb|Espuelas, or silvered steel spurs, of a Chilean huaso]]
A '''''huaso''''' (((IPA-es|ˈwaso))) is a [[Chile]]an countryman and skilled horseman,<ref>((cite web |title =Huaso |url=http://www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/602/w3-article-91938.html |website =www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/ |date =2018 |access-date =15 May 2020))</ref> similar to the [[United States|American]] [[cowboy]], the [[Mexico|Mexican]] ''[[charro]]'' (and its northern equivalent, the ''[[vaquero]]''), the ''[[gaucho]]'' of [[Argentina]], [[Uruguay]] and [[Rio Grande Do Sul]], and the [[Australia]]n [[Stockman (Australia)|stockman]]. A female ''huaso'' is called a '''''huasa''''', although the term '''''china''''' is far more commonly used for his wife or sweetheart, whose dress can be seen in [[cueca]] dancing. ''Huasos'' are found all over [[Central Chile|Central]] and [[Zona Sur|Southern Chile]]<ref>((cite web |title =The Huasos of Chile |url=https://www.globetrotting.com.au/the-huasos-of-chile/ |website =www.globetrotting.com.au/ |date =2020 |access-date =15 May 2020))</ref> while the [[Aysén Region|Aysén]] and [[Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region|Magallanes Region]] sheep raisers are ''gauchos''.<ref>((cite news |title = Los gauchos chilenos |newspaper = El Huemul |location = [[Palena Province]], Chile |language = es |date = 10 November 2018 |url = https://www.elhuemul.cl/2018/11/10/los-gauchos-chilenos/ |access-date = 15 May 2020))</ref> The major difference between the ''huaso'' and the ''gaucho'' is that ''huasos'' are involved in farming as well as cattle herding.

''Huasos'' are generally found in Chile's central valley. They ride [[Chilean Horse|horses]] and typically wear a straw hat called a ''[[chupalla]]''. They also wear a [[poncho]]—called a ''manta'' or a ''[[chamanto]]'' (although this was originally reserved to land owners, as it is much more expensive)—over a short Andalusian waist jacket, as well as tooled leather legging over booties with raw hide leather spur holders that sustain a long-shanked spur with 4-inch rowels, and many other typical garments.

''Huasos'' are a part of [[Culture of Chile|Chilean folkloric culture]] and are a vital part of parades, fiestas, holidays, and popular music.<ref>Mularski, Jedrek. ''Music, Politics, and Nationalism in Latin America: Chile During the Cold War Era''. Amherst: Cambria Press. ((ISBN|9781604978889)).</ref> The dancing of the ''[[cueca]]'' in which the coy ''china'' is courted by the persistent ''huaso'', both traditionally attired, is ''de rigueur'' on such occasions.

In Chile, the term ''huaso'' or ''ahuasado'' (in a ''huaso'' way) is also used disparagingly to refer to people without manners or lacking the sophistication of an urbanite, akin to US English [[redneck]]. (This is not based on fact.)

==Etymology==
[[Image:Huasoencerro.jpg|thumb|left|Huaso on a hill.]]

Various theories are commonly advanced: from the [[Quechua languages|Quechua]] ''wakcha'' (hispanicized as ''huacho'') meaning ''orphan'', ''not belonging to a community'', hence free and homeless, an important aspect of the huaso/gaucho myth, or alternatively from the Quechua ''wasu'', meaning either the back of an animal, or rough and rustic. Moreover the word ''guaso/a'' is used in Andalusian and American Spanish with the last sense. 

It appears that a form of [[folk etymology]] has operated to conflate the contrasting identities of the huaso, viewed as both a free horseman (implying some wealth and nobility) and an unsophisticated country bumpkin. Both senses can be observed in Chilean usage.

== See also ==
*[[Banditry in Chile]]
*[[Chilean horse]]
*[[Chilean rodeo]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Huasos))
*[http://southamerica.cl/Chile/Huasos.htm Southamerica.cl/Chile/Huasos.htm]
((Mounted stock herders))
[[Category:Animal husbandry occupations]]
[[Category:Chilean culture]]
[[Category:Society of Chile]]
[[Category:National symbols of Chile]]
[[Category:Pastoralists]]
[[Category:Horse-related professions and professionals]]
[[Category:Transhumance]]

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