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((Use dmy dates|date=January 2021))
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[[File:Hugh Scanlon (1977).jpg|thumb|Hugh Scanlon (1977)]]
'''Hugh Parr Scanlon, Baron Scanlon''' (26 October 1913 &ndash; 27 January 2004) was a British [[trade union]] leader.

Scanlon was born in [[Melbourne]], to parents who had emigrated from Britain. His mother brought him back from Australia to the UK when he was two years old; she was by that time a widow. He attended [[Stretford]] Elementary School in [[Stretford]] near [[Manchester]], which he left at the age of 11 to become an apprentice [[Scientific instrument|instrument maker]] at a local engineering firm where he first joined his union, the [[Amalgamated Engineering Union]] (AEU). Scanlon next worked at the [[Metropolitan-Vickers]] engineering plant at [[Trafford Park]] where he became a [[shop steward]], before attaining the position of [[convener]] for the plant. He joined the [[Communist Party of Great Britain]] in 1937 following the events of the [[Spanish Civil War]] and made use of its networks and organising skills to rise through the union, becoming a district official in 1947.

Although Scanlon formally abandoned communism in 1954, he continued as a "[[broad left]]" candidate within the union; winning the leadership in 1968. Scanlon and [[TGWU]] leader [[Jack Jones (trade union leader)|Jack Jones]] were known by the press as "The Terrible Twins" for their opposition to both [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] and [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] attempts to restrict the power of the unions &ndash; Labour prime minister [[Harold Wilson]] once famously telling him to "get your tanks off my lawn."<ref>((cite news |title=Obituary: Hugh Scanlon |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2004/jan/28/uk.obituaries |work=The Guardian |accessdate=25 December 2010 |location=London |first=Kevin |last=Maguire |date=28 January 2004))</ref>
In 1969 [[Home Secretary]] [[James Callaghan]] requested action that would hinder Scanlon's career, which was raised in [[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|cabinet]], and further discussed with [[Secretary of State for Employment]] [[Barbara Castle]]. A plan for detrimental leaks to the media was placed in the Foreign Office propaganda [[Information Research Department]], and its head prepared a briefing paper. However information about how this was effected has not been released under the [[thirty-year rule]] under a section of the [[Public Records Act 1967|Public Records Act]] permitting national security exemptions.<ref name=guardian-20180724>((cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/jul/24/wilson-government-used-secret-unit-to-smear-union-leaders |title=Wilson government used secret unit to smear union leaders |last=Cobain |first=Ian |newspaper=The Guardian |date=24 July 2018 |accessdate=24 July 2018))</ref>

When [[Edward Heath]] failed to form a coalition with the Liberals in 1974 and Labour formed a minority government, Scanlon and Jones acted as go-betweens for Labour, communicating the party's demands back and forth to [[Congress House]]. They were the prime movers within the union movement of the [[Social Contract (Britain)|Social Contract]] which introduced strict [[wage control]]s and limits on strike action. This culminated in the 1978/79 [[Winter of Discontent]], which was followed by the election of the [[Conservative Party (United Kingdom)|Conservative Party]], led by [[Margaret Thatcher]], in 1979. Earlier in the decade, Scanlon had been a vocal opponent of Britain's membership of the [[European Community|EEC]].<ref>David Butler and Uwe Kitzinger, ''The 1975 Referendum'' (London: Macmillan, 1976), p. 13, p. 201, p. 256.</ref>

Scanlon's political beliefs led to his being effectively blacklisted by the British security service from 1966 to 1977, it emerged years later. In 1977, he was prevented from becoming chairman of [[British Shipbuilders]] because [[MI5]] advised that he should not see documents marked "[[confidential]]" or above. Two years earlier, he was refused security clearance to join the [[British Gas plc|British Gas]] Board, but was later appointed after his files were examined. 

He was elevated to the [[House of Lords]] as a [[Life Peer]] on 19 February 1979, taking the title '''Baron Scanlon''', of [[Davyhulme]] in the County of [[Greater Manchester]].<ref>((London Gazette |issue=47777 |date=22 February 1979 |page=2415))</ref>

==References==
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((succession box|title=[[Trades Union Congress]] representative to the [[AFL-CIO]]|years=1971|with=[[Cyril Plant]]|before=[[George Smith (trade unionist)|George Smith]] and [[Sidney Greene]]|after=[[Walter Anderson (trade unionist)|Walter Anderson]] and Ronald Rigby))
((succession box|title=President of the [[Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions]]|years=1978&ndash;1979|before=[[Marie Patterson]]|after=[[Ken Baker (trade unionist)|Ken Baker]]))
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[[Category:Communist Party of Great Britain members]]
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[[Category:Life peers]]
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