State Highway 21 (SH-21), also known as the Ponderosa Pine Scenic Byway,[2] is a state highway in Idaho. It runs from Boise to Stanley, primarily as a two-lane road. With two-thirds of its length in Boise County, it passes by historic Idaho City and the village of Lowman to the western edge of the Sawtooth Mountains, then along their northern boundary to Stanley.
After three miles (5 km) eastbound from I-84, Highway 21 descends and crosses the New York Canal and Boise River on a bridge constructed in 1996,[3] and connects with Warm Springs Avenue, old SH-21, from east Boise. The highway heads upstream, briefly as a four-lane divided highway, along the north bank of the river in a basalt canyon. The route passes the century-old Boise River Diversion Dam (1909), and several miles later the Lucky Peak Dam, completed in 1955.[citation needed]
Above the Lucky Peak Dam, SH-21 climbs over the Highland Valley Summit (3,782 ft (1,153 m)), then descends to just above the reservoir. It then crosses the Mores Creek tributary and ascends with it to the Boise Basin gold mining area centered around Idaho City, leaving the sagebrush to enter the Ponderosa pine forest of the Boise National Forest. After Idaho City, the highway continues to climb with Mores Creek for another 13 miles (21 km) to the Mores Creek Summit at 6,117 feet (1,864 m), and with Beaver Creek to the Beaver Creek Summit at 6,041 feet (1,841 m) ten miles (16 km) further. Following this summit, SH-21 descends 2,240 feet (683 m) in switchbacks to the village of Lowman at 3,801 feet (1,159 m) above sea level.[citation needed]
At Lowman is the intersection with the Wildlife Canyon Scenic Byway,[4] which descends with the South Fork of the Payette River through a canyon popular for whitewater rafting, westward to Banks at Highway 55. A devastating wildfire ravaged the area around Lowman in 1989; it destroyed 45,000 acres (70 sq mi; 180 km2) and 26 structures, but without injuries or fatalities.[5][6]
North of Lowman, SH-21 ascends the South Fork of the Payette River to Grandjean, on the west side of the Sawtooths, and climbs the Canyon Creek tributary to the Banner Creek Summit at 7,056 feet (2,151 m), the route's maximum elevation, over 3,200 feet (980 m) above Lowman.[citation needed]
At the Banner Creek Summit, SH-21 enters Custer County and the Challis National Forest, and descends northward with Banner Creek and Cape Horn Creek, tributaries of the Middle Fork of the Salmon River. At "Cape Horn" the highway turns southeast to gradually climb with Marsh Creek to the border of the Sawtooth National Recreation Area, where SH-21 enters the drainage of the main Salmon River, and gently descends to Stanley. About four miles (6.5 km) west of Stanley is the turnoff for the three-mile (5 km) spur road to the photogenic Stanley Lake at 6,513 feet (1,985 m), framed by the jagged McGown Peak at 9,860 feet (3,005 m).[citation needed]
In Stanley, SH-21 terminates at 6,250 feet (1,905 m) at the junction with SH-75, the Sawtooth Scenic Byway from Galena Summit and Ketchum to the south, originating in Shoshone.[7] North of the intersection in Stanley, Highway 75 becomes the Salmon River Scenic Byway, and continues due north for a mile, then veers east with the twisty main Salmon River as it descends to Clayton, then north towards Challis, where the route terminates and rejoins US-93 just south of the city limits.[8]
The upper elevations of SH-21 are often closed during the winter months.[citation needed]
History
Portions of the highway originated in the 1860s, as a toll road connecting Boise with the gold mining areas near Idaho City.[9]
SH-21 originally terminated in Downtown Boise by following Warm Springs Avenue along the north side of the Boise River. The state government approved a realignment that truncated the highway at the Gowen Road interchange on I-84 in 1980.[10] A temporary routing was used while a new four-lane highway between the freeway and SH-21 near Lucky Peak Dam was planned in the 1980s.[11][12] The realigned SH-21 would also serve an expanded Micron Technology facility and residential development on land owned by the J.R. Simplot Company.[13] The new bridge over the Boise River began construction in March 1995 and was opened the following year.[14][citation needed] The former alignment was transferred to the Ada County Highway District on February 1, 1997.[15]
Ponderosa Pine Scenic Byway
I-84 / US 20 / US 26 / US 30 in Boise
SH-75 in Stanley
