You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 44.195.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪Blablubbs‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 09:46, 11 January 2025.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪AntiCompositeNumber‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: Visit the FAQ if you are affected .
- Start of block: 13:55, 18 August 2022
- Expiry of block: 13:55, 18 January 2025
Your current IP address is 44.195.68.6. The blocked range is 44.195.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((Short description|Slovene writer))
((refimprove|date=January 2013))
((Use dmy dates|date=March 2014))
((Infobox person
| name        = Igor Torkar
| image       = Igor Torkar.jpg
| alt         = Igor Torkar
| caption     = Igor Torkar in 1962
| other_names = 
| occupation  = ((hlist|Writer|playwright|poet))
| birth_name  = Boris Fakin
| birth_date  = ((Birth date|1913|10|13|df=yes))
| death_date  = ((Death date and age|2004|1|1|1913|10|13|df=yes))
| birth_place = [[Kostanjevica na Krasu]], [[Gorizia and Gradisca]], [[Austria-Hungary]] (now [[Slovenia]])
| death_place = [[Ljubljana]], Slovenia
))
'''Igor Torkar''' was the pen name of '''Boris Fakin'''<ref name="Jugoslovenski književni leksikon">((cite book |author1=Stanko Janež |editor = Živan Milisavac |date=1971 |title=Jugoslovenski književni leksikon |trans-title=Yugoslav Literary Lexicon |publisher=[[Matica srpska]] |location= [[Novi Sad]] ([[Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina|SAP Vojvodina]], [[Socialist Republic of Serbia|SR Serbia]] |page=540 ))</ref> (13 October 1913 – 1 January 2004), a [[Slovenians|Slovenian]] writer, playwright, and poet best known for his literary descriptions of Communist repression in [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] after [[World War II]].<ref name="rtvslo">((cite web|url=http://www.rtvslo.si/kultura/knjige/umrl-pesnik-in-pisatelj-igor-torkar/129531|title=Umrl pesnik in pisatelj Igor Torkar :: Prvi interaktivni multimedijski portal, MMC RTV Slovenija|publisher=rtvslo.si|accessdate=28 April 2015))</ref>

==Life==
Torkar was born in a [[Slovenes|Slovene]] family in the village of [[Kostanjevica na Krasu]], then part of the [[Austro-Hungarian]] County of [[Gorizia and Gradisca]], now in [[Slovenia]].<ref name="Jugoslovenski književni leksikon"/> He attended the [[Poljane Grammar School]] in [[Ljubljana]]. His teachers included the literary historian [[France Koblar]], the writer [[Juš Kozak]], and the painter [[Božidar Jakac]].

In 1932, he enrolled in the [[University of Ljubljana]], where he studied law for one year. Then he studied chemistry and graduated as chemistry engineer in 1942. He was a member of several [[left wing|left-wing]] student groups that advocated the autonomy of Slovenia within the [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]], and the [[democratization]] of the country. Among other things, he led a student association that successfully advocated the construction of a [[National and University Library of Slovenia|new university library building]] in Ljubljana.

During this time, he published his first short stories and essays under the pseudonym Igor Torkar in the literary journal ''[[Sodobnost]]''. He also wrote political satires in the satirical magazine ''Pavliha'', some of which were censored by the authorities of the [[Drava Banovina]].

After the [[Axis powers|Axis]] [[invasion of Yugoslavia]] in April 1941, he became an activist of the [[Liberation Front of the Slovenian People]]. He never joined the [[Yugoslav partisans|partisan resistance]], but organized the collection of supplies for the fighting units of the Communist resistance. In 1942, he was arrested by the Italian occupation authorities, but was released after two months in prison. In 1943, he was arrested by the [[Nazi German]] occupation forces and sent to [[Dachau concentration camp]], where he remained until the end of [[World War II]].

After the war, Torkar returned to Yugoslavia, where he worked as a technical manager in a chemical industry complex in Slovenia. In April 1948, he was arrested by the Yugoslav Communist authorities on false charges of pro-Nazi activity during World War II. He was put on trial at the [[Dachau trials (Slovenia)|Dachau trials]] together with another 33 survivors from Dachau and [[Buchenwald]] concentration camps who were accused of collaboration with the German [[Gestapo]] because, according to the prosecution, only collaboration could explain their survival.<ref>Kranjc, Gregor Joseph. 2013. ''To Walk with the Devil: Slovene Collaboration and Axis Occupation''. Toronto:  University of Toronto Press, p. 236.</ref><ref>Banac, Ivo. 1988. ''With Stalin Against Tito: Cominformist Splits in Yugoslav Communism''. Ithaca, NJ: Cornell University, p. 21</ref><ref>Plut-Pregelj, Leopoldina, Gregor Kranjc, Žarko Lazarević. 2018. ''Historical Dictionary of Slovenia''. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, p. 9.</ref>
In 1949, he was sentenced to six years in prison, which was increased to 12 after the appeal. Torkar spent four years in prison ([[Goli Otok]]), including two years in solitary confinement. He was released in 1952, and was prohibited from publishing for two more years.

After two years of unemployment, Torkar became a lecturer at the [[Academy of Fine Arts and Design, Ljubljana|Academy of Fine Arts]] in Ljubljana. In 1976, he rose to the position of professor of graphic technology.<ref name="dnevnik">((cite web|url=http://www.dnevnik.si/novice/kultura/69892|title=Umrl Igor Torkar|publisher=dnevnik.si|accessdate=28 April 2015))</ref> In 1971, the High Court of the [[Socialist Republic of Slovenia]] nullified the sentence from 1949, and Torkar was acquitted of all charges.

From the 1990s onward, Torkar became a critical commentator and observer of the democratization of Slovenia, with regular columns in the newspapers ''[[Delo (newspaper)|Delo]]'' and ''[[Dnevnik (Ljubljana)|Dnevnik]]''.

In October 2003, on the occasion of the author's 90th birthday, [[RTV Slovenija|Slovenian National Television]] broadcast a documentary with the title 'Dying in Installments,' dedicated to Torkar's life story. He died on January 1, 2004, in Ljubljana.

==Work==
Torkar's literary opus is framed by poetry. He published his first volume of poetry, The Crazy Chronos (Blazni Kronos) in 1940, with his last collection of poems, Songs of Solitude (Pesmi osekle samosti), written in the last years of his life and published in 2003. He has written over 10 collections of poetry, over 20 plays which were played on renewed theatre stages in Slovenia and also in former Yugoslavia, numerous TV and radio scenarios and novels. Between his most prominent works are also the poetry collection Sonnets from Jail (Jetniški soneti, 1974), stage plays Colorful ball (Pisana žoga, 1955) and Golden youth (Zlata mladina, 1970) and the novel Tenth brothers (Deseti bratje, 1979).
His best-known work, in which he publicly revealed the taboo theme of the Dachau trails under the communist regime in the former Yugoslavia, is the novel ''Dying in Installments'' (''Umiranje na obroke''), published in 1984. The work was recognized as very courageous political act and triggered an extraordinary public response and awareness of the communist repression. In a deeply moving novel we meet with memory material, documents and literary fiction. More than 30,000 copies were published; the novel is translated into Serbo-Croatian (Umiranje na rate, published at Globus, Zagreb, 1984) and German (Sterben auf Raten, published at Drava, Klagenfurt, 1991).

In all his texts, Torkar expressed an outward [[humanistic]] vision of the world. Together with his lifelong friend, the poet [[Matej Bor]], Torkar was the foremost representative of the neo-humanist trend in [[Slovenian literature]].

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*((Find a Grave|58928942|Boris Fakin (a.k.a. Igor Torkar)))

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Torkar, Igor))
[[Category:Slovenian writers]]
[[Category:Slovenian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:People from the Municipality of Miren-Kostanjevica]]
[[Category:Dachau concentration camp survivors]]
[[Category:University of Ljubljana alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Ljubljana]]
[[Category:1913 births]]
[[Category:2004 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century dramatists and playwrights]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Igor Torkar (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Birth date (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Br separated entries (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Count (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Death date and age (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find a Grave (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist (view source) (protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:If empty (view source) (protected)
Template:Infobox person (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNUMBER (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Plainlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Pluralize from text (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refimprove (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Tooltip (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Tooltip/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Unbulleted list (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Use dmy dates (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:WikidataCheck (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Wikidata image (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno-no (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno-yes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Age (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/auxiliary (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for clobbered parameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Date (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Detect singular (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:List (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:ParameterCount (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wd (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wd/i18n (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataCheck (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Igor Torkar.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_Torkar"