Sayyidut Taa’ifah
Haji Imdadullah Muhajir Makki
Personal
Born1814
Nanauta, North-Western Provinces, British India
Died1899 (aged 81–82)
Mecca, Hejaz Vilayet, Ottoman Empire
ReligionIslam
DenominationSunni
JurisprudenceHanafi[1]
CreedMaturidi
TariqaChishti
Muslim leader
Disciples
Military career
Years of service1857
Battles/warsIndian War of Independence
Part of a series on the
Deobandi movement
Ideology and influences
Founders and key figures
Notable institutions
Darul ulooms and madrasas
Centres (markaz) of Tablighi Jamaat
Associated organizations

Imdadullah Muhajir Makki (1817 – 1899)[2]: 222  was an Indian Muslim Sufi scholar of the Chishti Sufi order.[2]: 223 [3] His disciples include Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, and Ashraf Ali Thanwi. In the Indian Rebellion of 1857, he led the Muslims in Thana Bhawan to fight against British.[4][5][6]

Early life

Imdadullah Muhaajir Makki was born in Nanauta, British India in 1817.[7]: 347  His father Muhammad Amīn named him Imdad Hussain. However, Shah Muhammad Ishaq gave him the name of Imdādullah.[7][8]

Aged seven, Imdādullah lost his mother who wrote her will that none shall touch her kid after her, and kept Imdādullah more beloved to her in those seven years; this became a hurdle that no one took care of Imdādullah's education.[7]: 348  He then started memorizing the Quran on his own but failed to do so. Aged 16, he traveled to Delhi with Mamluk Ali Nanautawi to seek education.[7]: 348 

Religious work and travels

At the age of eighteen, his bay'at was accepted by Nasiruddin Naqshbandi.[8] Later he went to study under Mianji (Noor Mohammad Jhanjhanvi), as an initiate of the Chishti-Sabiri Sufi order, but after Mianji's death he temporarily became a semi-recluse. After wandering in the wilderness for six months he was overcome by a strong urge to travel to Medina. On 7 December 1845, he arrived at Banares. From there, he departed for Ottoman Arabia for Hajj and pilgrimage of the tomb of shrine of Muhammad.[8]

After the completion of his hajj, Imadadullah remained with Ishaq Muhajir Makki and others. Shah informed him that, after his pilgrimage to Medina, he should return to India. Sayyid Qudratullah Banarasi Makki sent several of his murids to accompany him to Medina.

Freedom struggle against the British

In Thana Bhawan, the local Sunnis declared Imdadullah their leader. In May 1857 the Battle of Shamli took place between the forces of Imdadullah and the British.[9]

Disciples

Disciples include:[7]: 352 

Marriages

Imdadullah married for the first time at the age of 48. After the death of his first wife, he married a blind widow. Because she was blind, she could not manage all household work, so she requested him to take another wife so all household work. Imdadullah then married for the third time. None of his three wives bore him children.[citation needed]

Literary works

His books include:

Death and legacy

Imdadullah died at Mecca in 1899.[9] He was buried in the Jannat al-Mu'alla cemetery besides the grave of Rahmatullah Kairanwi.[7]: 367  His biographical works include: Imdadul Mustaq Ila Asraful Akhlaq by Ashraf Ali Thanwi, [14] Shamaem Emdadiya by Muhammad Murtaza Khan Qanauji.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ Makki, Imdadullah Muhajir (1999). Faisla Haft Masala. Muslim Kitabwi. p. 21.
  2. ^ a b Kugle, Scott Alan (2007). Sufis & saints' bodies: mysticism, corporeality, & sacred power in Islam. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0807872772.
  3. ^ Tareen, SherAli (2013). "FAYSALA-YI HAFT MAS'ALA (A RESOLUTION TO THE SEVEN CONTROVERSIES): Haji Imdadullah's Hermeneutics of Reconciliation". SAGAR: South Asia Graduate Research Journal. 21. hdl:2152/28002. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
  4. ^ Nizami, Moin Ahmad (2018), Kassam, Zayn R.; Greenberg, Yudit Kornberg; Bagli, Jehan (eds.), "Imdādullāh "Muhājir," Hājji", Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism, Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 308–311, doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1267-3_2001, ISBN 978-94-024-1267-3, retrieved 15 October 2022
  5. ^ Rizvi, T. H. (1986). "Haji Imdadullah of Thana Bhawan : A Brief Survey of His Life and Work (18181899)". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 47: 489–494. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44141583.
  6. ^ Faruqi, Nisar Ahmad (1988–2016). "İMDÂDULLAH TEHÂNEVÎ". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam (44+2 vols.) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). Vol. 1 (January 2000 ed.).
  8. ^ a b c "Biography of Hadhrat Haji Imdadullah Muhajir Makki r.a." Dedicated to Hadhrat Moulana Dr Hafez Tanveer Ahmed Khan Sahib Rahmatullahi Alayh. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  9. ^ a b Asir Adrawi. Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta (in Urdu) (2 April 2016 ed.). Deoband: Darul Muallifeen. p. 44.
  10. ^ Abu Muhammad Maulana Sana'ullah Shujabadi. Ulama-e-Deoband Ke Aakhri Lamhaat (in Urdu) (2015 ed.). Maktaba Rasheediya Saharanpur. p. 51.
  11. ^ Rizwi, Syed Mehboob, History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband, vol. 2nd, translated by Murtaz Hussain F Quraishi, p. 34
  12. ^ Rizwi, Syed Mehboob, History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband, vol. 2nd, translated by Murtaz Hussain F Quraishi, p. 164
  13. ^ Thanwi, Ashraf Ali (1982). "Imdad al-Mushtaq ila Ashraf al-Akhlaq". Islamic Culture. Islamic Culture Board. LVI (I): 321.
  14. ^ Ahmad, Ishtiaque (2020). Ulama E Deoband Ki Swaneh Umriyon Ka Tanqeedi Tajziya Azadi Se Qabl (PhD thesis) (in Urdu). India: Department of Urdu, Maulana Azad National Urdu University. pp. 121–126. hdl:10603/338413.
  15. ^ Ahmad, Ishtiaque (2020). Ulama E Deoband Ki Swaneh Umriyon Ka Tanqeedi Tajziya Azadi Se Qabl (PhD thesis) (in Urdu). India: Department of Urdu, Maulana Azad National Urdu University. pp. 206–209. hdl:10603/338413.

Bibliography

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