The palm squirrel is about the size of a large chipmunk, with a bushy tail slightly shorter than its body. The back is a grizzled, grey-brown colour with three conspicuous white stripes which run from head to tail. The two outer stripes run from the forelegs to the hind legs only. It has a creamy-white belly and a tail covered with interspersed, long, black and white hair. The ears are small and triangular. Juvenile squirrels have significantly lighter coloration, which gets progressively darker as they age. Albinism is rare, but exists in this species.
Life cycle
The Indian sun squirrel exhibits a variety of reproductive behaviors; some display cyclical periodicity activity while others show continuous reproductive activity.[3] The gestation period is 34 days; breeding takes place in grass nests during the autumn. Litters of two or three are common, and average 2.75. The young are weaned after about 10 weeks and are sexually mature at 9 months. The adult weight is 100 grams. Little is known about their longevity, but one specimen lived 5.5 years in captivity.[4]
Diet and behaviour
The Indian sun squirrel is a solitary animal, spending a majority of its life without interaction with others their own species, with the exception of mating and child rearing. While nuts and fruits make up a majority of its diet, the Indian sun squirrel will also eat insects, other smaller mammals, and reptiles. They are fairly vocal, with a cry that sounds like "chip chip chip" when danger is present. They are opportunists in urban areas, and can be easily tamed and trained to accept food from humans. Naturally active, their activity reaches levels of frenzy during the mating season. They tend to be very protective of their food sources, often guarding and defending them from birds and other squirrels.
Unlike some other species of squirrel, the Indian palm squirrel does not hibernate.
Importance in Hinduism
Squirrels are considered sacred by Hindus and are not to be harmed. They are even fed by many Hindu families because of their association with Rama.
A legend explains the stripes on the back of most of the squirrels. During the construction of the Rama Setu (bridge) at Rameswaram by Lord Rama and the Vanara Sena or monkey army, a little squirrel also contributed in its own little way. It rolled in the beach sand and then ran to the end of the bridge to shake off the sand from its back. Rama, pleased by the creature's dedication, caressed the squirrel's back and ever since, the Indian squirrel carried white stripes on its back, which are believed to be the mark of Rama's fingers.[5] Rama and the squirrel are mentioned in one of the hymns of the Alvars.
A pair of baby three-striped Indian palm squirrels, a week after they were rescued. The squirrels had fallen from a coconut tree.
Subspecies
Generally four valid subspecies are described according to the geographic distribution. But many more subspecies are also described, but not given validity.[6]
^REDDI, A. H., & PRASAD, M. R. N. (1968). THE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE OF THE MALE INDIAN PALM SQUIRREL, FUNAMBULUS PENNANTI WROUGHTON, Reproduction, 17(2), 235-245. Retrieved Oct 28, 2022
.jpg)
.jpg)
_nest_in_Hyderabad_W_IMG_4466.jpg)
