Infante Jaime
Duke of Segovia, Duke of Anjou
Head of the Capetian dynasty
Tenure28 February 1941 – 20 March 1975
PredecessorAlfonso XIII of Spain
SuccessorAlfonso, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz
Born(1908-06-23)23 June 1908
Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso, Segovia, Spain
Died20 March 1975(1975-03-20) (aged 66)
St. Gall Cantonal Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland
Burial
El Escorial, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid, Spain
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1935; div. 1947)​
Charlotte Tiedemann
​
(m. 1949)​
IssueAlfonso, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz
Gonzalo, Duke of Aquitaine
Names
Don Jaime Leopoldo Isabelino Enrique Alejandro Alberto Alfonso Víctor Acacio Pedro Pablo María de Borbón-Segovia y Battenberg
and
Jacques Léopold Isabellin Henri Alexandre Albért Alphonse Victor Acace Pierre Paul Marie de Bourbon
HouseBourbon
FatherAlfonso XIII of Spain
MotherVictoria Eugenie of Battenberg
ReligionRoman Catholic

Infante Jaime of Spain, Duke of Segovia, Duke of Anjou (Spanish: Don Jaime Leopoldo Isabelino Enrique Alejandro Alberto Alfonso Víctor Acacio Pedro Pablo María de Borbón-Segovia y Battenberg; French: Jacques Léopold Isabellin Henri Alexandre Albért Alphonse Victor Acace Pierre Paul Marie de Bourbon; 23 June 1908 – 20 March 1975), was the second son of Alfonso XIII, King of Spain and his wife Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg. He was born in the Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso in Province of Segovia, and was consequently granted the non-substantive title of "Duke of Segovia", courtesy he held along with "Duke of Anjou" as the holder of the Legitimist claim to the French throne. Jaime was a great-grandchild of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.[1]

Succession

Because he was deaf as the result of a childhood operation,[2] he renounced his rights to the defunct Spanish throne for himself and his descendants on June 21 1933.[3] He was then granted the title "Duke of Segovia" by King Alfonso XIII.[4] After his father's death in 1941, he proclaimed himself the senior legitimate male heir of the House of Capet, heir to the defunct French throne, and head of the House of Bourbon. He then took the title of "Duke of Anjou" and became, in the opinion of French legitimists, the de jure king of France as "Henri VI", though to a minority as "Jacques II" (after 1957, he signed all documents as Jacques Henri). There were however a handful of legitimists who questioned his claim, given the rumors of his paternal grandfather's illegitimacy.

In 1921, he became the 1,153rd Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece[5] and Knight with Collar of the Order of Charles III and Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic both in 1925 (Collar of the Order of Isabella the Catholic in 1931).[6] Later in 1941, following the death of his father and his ascendance to the title of King of France, Jaime adopted the Order of the Holy Spirit as his own by his right to the French Throne.[citation needed]

Marriage and issue

On 4 March 1935, in Rome, Jaime married Victoire Jeanne Emmanuelle (Emanuela) Joséphine Pierre Marie de Dampierre (8 November 1913 in Rome – 3 May 2012 in Rome),[7] daughter of Roger de Dampierre, 2nd Duke of San Lorenzo Nuovo, Vicomte de Dampierre (1892–1975) and of Donna Vittoria Ruspoli (1892–1982), daughter of Emanuele Ruspoli, 1st Principe di Poggio Suasa, and his third wife, English American Josephine Mary Curtis.[8] Don Jaime and Donna Emanuela had two sons, named after Jaime's brothers, Alfonso and Gonzalo:

Don Jaime and Emmanuelle de Dampierre divorced on 6 May 1947 in Bucharest (recognized by the Italian courts on 3 June 1949 in Turin but never recognized in Spain) and, on 3 August 1949 in Innsbruck, Don Jaime remarried civilly to divorced singer Charlotte Luise Auguste Tiedemann (2 January 1919 in Königsberg – 3 July 1979 in Berlin), daughter of Otto Eugen Tiedemann and wife Luise Amalia Klein.[9] In the eyes of the Roman Catholic Church and of the French legitimists, Emmanuelle de Dampierre remained always his wife. The second marriage produced no children. His first wife remarried in Vienna, on 21 November 1949, to Antonio Sozzani (12 July 1918 in Milan – 6 January 2007 in Milan), son of Cesare Sozzani and wife Cristina Alemani, without issue.

Renunciation

Jaime (right) with his father Alfonso XIII and his older brother Alfonso (left), ca. 1930

On 6 December 1949, Don Jaime retracted his renunciation of the restored throne of Spain. On 3 May 1964,[10] he took the title "Duke of Madrid" as head of a Carlist branch of the Spanish succession (recognized by the legitimist group of Carlists who did not support the Bourbon-Parma claim after Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime died in 1936). On 19 July 1969, Don Jaime definitively renounced the Spanish succession in favour of his nephew, the future King Juan Carlos I of Spain, at the request of his elder son, Alfonso de Borbón.

Don Jaime died in St. Gall Cantonal Hospital in Switzerland on 20 March 1975. He is buried at the Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial.

Ancestry

Heraldry

Official coat of arms in Spain (23 June 1908 - 20 March 1975) Coat of arms as titular Dauphin of France, Legitimist claimant (6 September 1938 - 28 February 1941) Coat of arms as Duke of Madrid, titular claimant to the Spanish throne (6 December 1949 - 29 July 1969) Coat of arms as Duke of Anjou, titular claimant to the French throne (28 February 1941 - 20 March 1975)

Notes

  1. ^ "National Portrait Gallery". Infante Jaime de Borbón y Battenberg, Duke of Segovia (1908-1975), Son of Alfonso XIII, King of Spain; great grandson of Queen Victoria.
  2. ^ "ROYALTY: A Wonderful Woman". Time. 2 January 1950. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2011. Spain's 41-year-old Don Jaime de Bourbon, Duke of Segovia, born deaf & dumb, has always led the quiet life, devoted himself intently to lip reading and to learning to talk which he now does, blurrily but intelligibly, in three languages. The elder of the late King Alfonso's two living sons, he gave up his rights to the Spanish throne 16 years ago in favor of his healthy younger brother Juan, and set off in pursuit of the happiness that has traditionally eluded his hemophilic Bourbon family.
  3. ^ Preston, Paul (2004). Juan Carlos: Steering Spain From Dictatorship To Democracy. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 4. ISBN 978-0393058048. In Fontainebleau, 21 June 1933, Don Jaime, who was single at the time, finally agreed to renounce his rights to the throne, as well as those of his future heirs. The renunciation was irrevocable and would be ratified on 23 July 1945.
  4. ^ Montague-Smith, Patrick, ed. (1963). Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and Companionage. London: Kelly's Directories. p. 10. Assumed the title Duke of Segovia
  5. ^ T.F. Boettger. Knights of the Golden Fleece (accessed on 16 November 2007)
  6. ^ Política nacional, ABC, 8 december 1925. Accessed 2012-11-13.
  7. ^ Death of Emanuela de Dampierre
  8. ^ "Milestones, Mar. 11, 1935". Time. 11 March 1935. Archived from the original on 15 January 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2011. Married. Don Jaime, 26, second son of ex-King Alfonso XIII of Spain; and Emanuela de Dampierre. 20, granddaughter of Princess Ruspoli Poggio di Suasa, (née Josephine Curtis of Boston); in Rome. Born a deaf-mute, Don Jaime has learned to speak croakingly.
  9. ^ "Milestones, Aug. 15, 1949". Time. 15 August 1949. Archived from the original on 20 December 2008. Retrieved 25 May 2011. Married. Don Jaime, 41, Duke of Segovia, second son and onetime heir apparent of ex-King Alfonso XIII of Spain (deposed 1931, died in exile 1941), who renounced his claim to the throne in 1933; and Charlotte Tiedemann, German opera singer; in Innsbruck, Austria. Born a deaf mute into a family racked by the "Bourbon curse" of hemophilia, Don Jaime learned to talk intelligibly in three languages, remains healthy.
  10. ^ Bergamini, John D (1974). The Spanish Bourbons: The History of a Tenacious Dynasty. New York, NY: Putnam. p. 392. ISBN 978-0399113659.

Bibliography

Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia House of BourbonCadet branch of the Capetian dynastyBorn: 23 June 1908 Died: 20 March 1975 Titles in pretence Preceded byAlphonse I — TITULAR — King of France and Navarre Legitimist28 February 1941 – 20 March 1975Reason for succession failure:Bourbon monarchy deposed in 1830 Succeeded byAlphonse II Preceded byAlphonse — TITULAR — Dauphin of France Legitimist6 September 1938 - 28 February 1941


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